Ural Oğuz1, Tolga Şahin2, Çağrı Şenocak2, Ekrem Özyuvalı2, Ömer Faruk Bozkurt2, Berkan Reşorlu3, Ali Ünsal4. 1. Department of Urology, Giresun University School of Medicine, Giresun, Turkey. 2. Clinic of Urology, Keçiören Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. 3. Depertment of Urology, Ondokuz Mayıs University School of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey. 4. Department of Urology, Gazi University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate factors related to early postoperative pain after retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective data analysis of 250 patients who underwent RIRS due to kidney stones was performed. Postoperative pain was evaluated in all patients by using visual analogue scale (VAS). Patients with severe pain (VAS score ≥7) were separated and included in Group I (n=46). While patients without pain or with insignificant pain were included in Group II (n=204). The impact of patient-related (age, gender, renal anomalies, shock wave lithotripsy history, preoperative hydronephrosis) stone-related (stone number, side, size, location and opacity) and operation-related (preoperative and postoperative ureteral J-stenting, ureteral injury, postoperative bleeding and fever, stone-free rates, size of access sheath, and sheath indwelling time) factors on early stage postoperative pain (if any) were investigated. RESULTS: Female gender increased the risk for pain 3.6-fold (p<0.05). One millimeter increase in stone diameter increased the risk for postoperative pain 1.15-fold. Prolonged sheath time was another important factor which increased the risk for pain (p<0.05). Patients with high residual fragments were also prone to early postoperative pain. CONCLUSION: According to our results, patient-, stone-and operation-related factors associated with postoperative pain after RIRS were female gender, stone size and sheath time.
OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate factors related to early postoperative pain after retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective data analysis of 250 patients who underwent RIRS due to kidney stones was performed. Postoperative pain was evaluated in all patients by using visual analogue scale (VAS). Patients with severe pain (VAS score ≥7) were separated and included in Group I (n=46). While patients without pain or with insignificant pain were included in Group II (n=204). The impact of patient-related (age, gender, renal anomalies, shock wave lithotripsy history, preoperative hydronephrosis) stone-related (stone number, side, size, location and opacity) and operation-related (preoperative and postoperative ureteral J-stenting, ureteral injury, postoperative bleeding and fever, stone-free rates, size of access sheath, and sheath indwelling time) factors on early stage postoperative pain (if any) were investigated. RESULTS: Female gender increased the risk for pain 3.6-fold (p<0.05). One millimeter increase in stone diameter increased the risk for postoperative pain 1.15-fold. Prolonged sheath time was another important factor which increased the risk for pain (p<0.05). Patients with high residual fragments were also prone to early postoperative pain. CONCLUSION: According to our results, patient-, stone-and operation-related factors associated with postoperative pain after RIRS were female gender, stone size and sheath time.
Entities:
Keywords:
Postoperative pain; related factors; retrograde intrarenal surgery
Authors: Solomon L Woldu; Aaron C Weinberg; Ari Bergman; Edan Y Shapiro; Ruslan Korets; Piruz Motamedinia; Ketan K Badani Journal: J Endourol Date: 2014-01-30 Impact factor: 2.942
Authors: Robert R Byrne; Brian K Auge; John Kourambas; Ravi Munver; Fernando Delvecchio; Glenn M Preminger Journal: J Endourol Date: 2002-02 Impact factor: 2.942