Danying Tao1, Jianing N Sun2, Xiaojie Wang3, Qiong Zhang3, Mojgan A Naeeni4, Carole J Philpotts4, Andrew Joiner4. 1. Department of Preventive Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China. 2. Unilever Oral Care,66 Linxin Road, Changning District, Shanghai 200335, China. Electronic address: Jenny.Sun@unilever.com. 3. Unilever Oral Care,66 Linxin Road, Changning District, Shanghai 200335, China. 4. Unilever Oral Care,Quarry Road East, Bebington, Wirral CH63 3JW, UK.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To measure tooth whitening effects delivered immediately after brushing with silica-based toothpastes containing either blue covarine or a combination of blue covarine and FD&C Blue No. 1 in vitro and in vivo. METHODS: Salivary pellicle coated human extracted teeth were brushed with either a slurry of a toothpaste containing blue covarine (BC) or a formulation containing a matched level of blue covarine and FD&C Blue No.1 (BC+D). The colour of the specimens were measured in vitro using a colorimeter, before and after brushing and changes in CIELAB and tooth Whiteness Index (WIO) values calculated. In a double-blind cross-over clinical study, subjects brushed with BC toothpaste, a toothpaste containing increased levels of blue covarine (BC+) or BC+D toothpaste and tooth colour changes were measured with a digital image analysis system. RESULTS: The in vitro study demonstrated that BC+D gave a significantly (p=0.002) greater change in WIO value than BC. Clinical results showed that BC, BC+ and BC+D gave a significant increase in WIO (p<0.0001) from baseline. The WIO change was significantly greater when brushing with BC+D toothpaste than with either toothpaste BC (p<0.0001) or BC+ (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Toothpastes containing blue covarine or a combination of blue covarine and FD&C Blue No. 1 gave a statistically significant improvement in tooth whiteness immediately after brushing in both in vitro and clinical studies. In addition, the toothpaste containing both blue covarine and FD&C Blue No. 1 gave statistically significant greater tooth whitening from baseline than the blue covarine containing toothpastes. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The silica-based toothpastes containing blue covarine or a combination of blue covarine and FD&C Blue No. 1 evaluated in the current study gave significant tooth whitening benefits immediately after one brush.
OBJECTIVES: To measure tooth whitening effects delivered immediately after brushing with silica-based toothpastes containing either blue covarine or a combination of blue covarine and FD&C Blue No. 1 in vitro and in vivo. METHODS: Salivary pellicle coated human extracted teeth were brushed with either a slurry of a toothpaste containing blue covarine (BC) or a formulation containing a matched level of blue covarine and FD&C Blue No.1 (BC+D). The colour of the specimens were measured in vitro using a colorimeter, before and after brushing and changes in CIELAB and tooth Whiteness Index (WIO) values calculated. In a double-blind cross-over clinical study, subjects brushed with BC toothpaste, a toothpaste containing increased levels of blue covarine (BC+) or BC+D toothpaste and tooth colour changes were measured with a digital image analysis system. RESULTS: The in vitro study demonstrated that BC+D gave a significantly (p=0.002) greater change in WIO value than BC. Clinical results showed that BC, BC+ and BC+D gave a significant increase in WIO (p<0.0001) from baseline. The WIO change was significantly greater when brushing with BC+D toothpaste than with either toothpaste BC (p<0.0001) or BC+ (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Toothpastes containing blue covarine or a combination of blue covarine and FD&C Blue No. 1 gave a statistically significant improvement in tooth whiteness immediately after brushing in both in vitro and clinical studies. In addition, the toothpaste containing both blue covarine and FD&C Blue No. 1 gave statistically significant greater tooth whitening from baseline than the blue covarine containing toothpastes. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The silica-based toothpastes containing blue covarine or a combination of blue covarine and FD&C Blue No. 1 evaluated in the current study gave significant tooth whitening benefits immediately after one brush.