Marina Campos Araujo1, Diana Barbosa Cunha2, Ilana Nogueira Bezerra3, Maria Beatriz Trindade de Castro4, Rosely Sichieri2. 1. 1Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health,Oswaldo Cruz Foundation/Ministry of Health,Rua Leopoldo Bulhões 1480,sala 803,Bonsucesso,21041-210 Rio de Janeiro,RJ,Brazil. 2. 2Department of Epidemiology,Social Medicine Institute,State University of Rio de Janeiro,Rio de Janeiro,RJ,Brazil. 3. 3Ceará State University,Master in Nutrition and Health Course,Fortaleza,CE,Brazil. 4. 4Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro,Federal University of Rio de Janeiro,Nutritional Observatory of Epidemiology,Department of Social and Applied Nutrition,Rio de Janeiro,RJ,Brazil.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the quality of food choices according to adolescent individual earnings in Brazil. DESIGN: Adolescents were classified according to their individual earnings as having or not having spending power for their own expenses. Food records from two non-consecutive days of the Brazilian National Dietary Survey (NDS 2008-2009) were used to estimate food intake. Quality of food choices was based on two approaches: (i) the NOVA classification, which classifies processed and ultra-processed foods and drinks as unhealthy food groups; and (ii) traditional classification, with beans, milk, fruits and vegetables as healthy food groups, and soft drinks, sweets, snacks and crackers classified as unhealthy. We compared mean food intake (g/kJ or ml/kJ) according to per capita household income (tertiles) and adolescent individual earnings, with adolescent earnings adjusted for household income, using multiple linear regression. SETTING: Brazilian households (n 13 569). SUBJECTS: Adolescents aged 14-18 years (n 3673). RESULTS: Males without individual earnings had higher per capita household income than those with individual earnings. Household income was associated with all three food groups of the NOVA classification and seven of the eight groups of the traditional classification. However, only beans and snacks were consumed in significantly greater quantities by adolescents with individual earnings compared with those without earnings. CONCLUSIONS: Adolescent individual earnings were not the main driver of food choices; however, per capita household income was associated with food choices. The consumption of both healthy and unhealthy items increased with increasing household income.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the quality of food choices according to adolescent individual earnings in Brazil. DESIGN: Adolescents were classified according to their individual earnings as having or not having spending power for their own expenses. Food records from two non-consecutive days of the Brazilian National Dietary Survey (NDS 2008-2009) were used to estimate food intake. Quality of food choices was based on two approaches: (i) the NOVA classification, which classifies processed and ultra-processed foods and drinks as unhealthy food groups; and (ii) traditional classification, with beans, milk, fruits and vegetables as healthy food groups, and soft drinks, sweets, snacks and crackers classified as unhealthy. We compared mean food intake (g/kJ or ml/kJ) according to per capita household income (tertiles) and adolescent individual earnings, with adolescent earnings adjusted for household income, using multiple linear regression. SETTING: Brazilian households (n 13 569). SUBJECTS: Adolescents aged 14-18 years (n 3673). RESULTS: Males without individual earnings had higher per capita household income than those with individual earnings. Household income was associated with all three food groups of the NOVA classification and seven of the eight groups of the traditional classification. However, only beans and snacks were consumed in significantly greater quantities by adolescents with individual earnings compared with those without earnings. CONCLUSIONS: Adolescent individual earnings were not the main driver of food choices; however, per capita household income was associated with food choices. The consumption of both healthy and unhealthy items increased with increasing household income.
Authors: Ana Paula Fernandes Gomes; Ana Carolina Carioca da Costa; Edna Massae Yokoo; Vania de Matos Fonseca Journal: Nutrients Date: 2020-04-14 Impact factor: 5.717