Crying Infant.

Excessive crying is a common complaint in young infants, especially in those less than 3 mo of age. Altered circadian rhythm, immaturity of central nervous system and alteration of intestinal microbiota are some of the proposed mechanisms for this problem. Although it is commonly benign, crying can be the only clinical manifestation of many serious underlying illnesses, thus warranting careful clinical examination for ruling out organic causes. Urgent care clinics are best suited for evaluation and treatment of benign etiologies and promptly referring children with red flags to an emergency department. Routine investigations are not indicated in an afebrile infant with no signs of illness on history and physical examination. Excessive crying due to colic often results in parental stress and exhaustion. Treatment in such cases revolves more on reassuring the parents and avoiding drugs with uncertain action and potential side-effects.