Kazuki Uemura1, Hyuma Makizako2,3, Sangyoon Lee3, Takehiko Doi3, Songchul Lee3, Kota Tsutsumimoto3, Hiroyuki Shimada3. 1. Liberal Arts and Sciences, Toyama Prefectural University, Imizu, Japan. 2. Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan. 3. Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: It remains unclear what kinds of behavior prevent the development of geriatric depression. This study aimed to elucidate behavioral predictors of increased depressive symptoms in older adults focusing on gender differences. METHODS: A total of 3106 community-dwelling older people aged older than or equal to 65 years without depressive symptoms at baseline participated. The 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale was used to assess depressive symptoms with a score of 6 or more at baseline and 15 month follow-up. Behavioral status was investigated by using dichotomous questions about the aspects of physical, cognitive, and social activities. Each category included 3 specific items. Demographic data and other potential confounding factors were also assessed. RESULTS: In the 15 month follow-up survey, 239 participants (7.7%) reported increased depressive symptoms. Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that engagement in light physical exercise (odds ratio = 0.74, 95%, CI = 0.56-0.98), taking enrichment lessons (0.62, 0.46-0.85), using a personal computer (0.68, 0.48-0.97), participation in events at the community center (0.54, 0.40-0.72), and attending a community meeting (0.69, 0.52-0.92) were independently associated with lower risk of increased depressive symptoms. In a separate analysis for each gender, significant odds ratios of using a personal computer were observed in men, whereas significant odds ratios of light physical exercise, participation in events at the community center, and attending a community meeting were observed in women. CONCLUSIONS: Light physical exercise, taking lessons, usage of a computer, and participation in community events showed protective effects against depressive symptoms. However, the significance of each behavioral factor may vary according to gender.
BACKGROUND: It remains unclear what kinds of behavior prevent the development of geriatric depression. This study aimed to elucidate behavioral predictors of increased depressive symptoms in older adults focusing on gender differences. METHODS: A total of 3106 community-dwelling older people aged older than or equal to 65 years without depressive symptoms at baseline participated. The 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale was used to assess depressive symptoms with a score of 6 or more at baseline and 15 month follow-up. Behavioral status was investigated by using dichotomous questions about the aspects of physical, cognitive, and social activities. Each category included 3 specific items. Demographic data and other potential confounding factors were also assessed. RESULTS: In the 15 month follow-up survey, 239 participants (7.7%) reported increased depressive symptoms. Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that engagement in light physical exercise (odds ratio = 0.74, 95%, CI = 0.56-0.98), taking enrichment lessons (0.62, 0.46-0.85), using a personal computer (0.68, 0.48-0.97), participation in events at the community center (0.54, 0.40-0.72), and attending a community meeting (0.69, 0.52-0.92) were independently associated with lower risk of increased depressive symptoms. In a separate analysis for each gender, significant odds ratios of using a personal computer were observed in men, whereas significant odds ratios of light physical exercise, participation in events at the community center, and attending a community meeting were observed in women. CONCLUSIONS: Light physical exercise, taking lessons, usage of a computer, and participation in community events showed protective effects against depressive symptoms. However, the significance of each behavioral factor may vary according to gender.
Authors: Breno S Diniz; Benoit H Mulsant; Charles F Reynolds; Daniel M Blumberger; Jordan F Karp; Meryl A Butters; Ana Paula Mendes-Silva; Erica L Vieira; George Tseng; Eric J Lenze Journal: JAMA Netw Open Date: 2022-06-01