Maria D Sylvester1, Emilee E Burgess1, Taraneh Soleymani2, Sunil Daniel2, Bulent Turan1, Mary Katherine Ray1, Courtney T Howard2, Mary M Boggiano3. 1. Department of Psychology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, 415 Campbell Hall, Birmingham, AL, 35294-1170, USA. 2. Department of Nutrition Sciences, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA. 3. Department of Psychology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, 415 Campbell Hall, Birmingham, AL, 35294-1170, USA. boggiano@uab.edu.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Behavioral predictors of weight-loss program (WLP) outcomes are needed and important because they can be modified. Eating calorie-dense palatable foods (PFs) outside of hunger contributes to obesity. This study assessed if habitual motives to consume PFs could predict weight-loss outcomes. METHODS: N = 171 Black and N = 141 White adults in a reduced-calorie program completed the Palatable Eating Motives Scale (PEMS). Body weight and body mass index (BMI) lost after 3 and 6 months were analyzed controlling for initial BMI and demographics. Greater PEMS motive scores meant more frequent habitual intake of PFs for that motive. RESULTS: Whites vs. Blacks had higher scores on most of the PEMS motives: Social, Coping, and Reward Enhancement. In Whites at 3 months, greater Reward Enhancement scores and initial BMI predicted more BMI loss (p < 0.05). At 6 months, greater Reward Enhancement and lower Conformity scores predicted more weight (p < 0.05) and BMI loss (Conformity: p < 0.05; Reward Enhancement: p = 0.05). PEMS motives did not predict outcomes for Blacks. CONCLUSION: The results provide preliminary evidence for the PEMS to predict WLP outcomes. White patients who eat PFs primarily for their rewarding properties and less to conform should fare better in Lifestyle programs while group or family-based interventions may be more efficacious when conformity is the main motive. Lower motive scores among Blacks suggest that eating PFs outside of hunger may go unrecognized or underreported and warrants further investigation. The findings highlight the motive-based heterogeneity of obesity and how it may be used to predict outcomes and customize interventions to improve WLP outcomes. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV, multiple time series.
PURPOSE: Behavioral predictors of weight-loss program (WLP) outcomes are needed and important because they can be modified. Eating calorie-dense palatable foods (PFs) outside of hunger contributes to obesity. This study assessed if habitual motives to consume PFs could predict weight-loss outcomes. METHODS: N = 171 Black and N = 141 White adults in a reduced-calorie program completed the Palatable Eating Motives Scale (PEMS). Body weight and body mass index (BMI) lost after 3 and 6 months were analyzed controlling for initial BMI and demographics. Greater PEMS motive scores meant more frequent habitual intake of PFs for that motive. RESULTS: Whites vs. Blacks had higher scores on most of the PEMS motives: Social, Coping, and Reward Enhancement. In Whites at 3 months, greater Reward Enhancement scores and initial BMI predicted more BMI loss (p < 0.05). At 6 months, greater Reward Enhancement and lower Conformity scores predicted more weight (p < 0.05) and BMI loss (Conformity: p < 0.05; Reward Enhancement: p = 0.05). PEMS motives did not predict outcomes for Blacks. CONCLUSION: The results provide preliminary evidence for the PEMS to predict WLP outcomes. Whitepatients who eat PFs primarily for their rewarding properties and less to conform should fare better in Lifestyle programs while group or family-based interventions may be more efficacious when conformity is the main motive. Lower motive scores among Blacks suggest that eating PFs outside of hunger may go unrecognized or underreported and warrants further investigation. The findings highlight the motive-based heterogeneity of obesity and how it may be used to predict outcomes and customize interventions to improve WLP outcomes. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV, multiple time series.
Entities:
Keywords:
BMI; Eating behavior; Eating in the absence of hunger; Lifestyle intervention; Obesity treatments; Pre-treatment predictors
Authors: Rena R Wing; Richard F Hamman; George A Bray; Linda Delahanty; Sharon L Edelstein; James O Hill; Edward S Horton; Mary A Hoskin; Andrea Kriska; John Lachin; Elizabeth J Mayer-Davis; Xavier Pi-Sunyer; Judith G Regensteiner; Beth Venditti; Judith Wylie-Rosett Journal: Obes Res Date: 2004-09
Authors: M M Boggiano; E E Burgess; B Turan; T Soleymani; S Daniel; L D Vinson; K L Lokken; B C Wingo; A Morse Journal: Appetite Date: 2014-08-26 Impact factor: 3.868