Gabriel E Galindo1, Sean D Peterson2, Byron D Erath3, Christian Castro1,4, Robert E Hillman5,6,7, Matías Zañartu1. 1. Department of Electronic Engineering, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso, Chile. 2. Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. 3. Department of Mechanical & Aeronautical Engineering, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY. 4. School of Speech and Hearing Sciences, Universidad de Valparaíso, Chile. 5. Center for Laryngeal Surgery & Voice Rehabilitation, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston. 6. Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. 7. MGH Institute of Health Professions, Boston, MA.
Abstract
Purpose: Our goal was to test prevailing assumptions about the underlying biomechanical and aeroacoustic mechanisms associated with phonotraumatic lesions of the vocal folds using a numerical lumped-element model of voice production. Method: A numerical model with a triangular glottis, posterior glottal opening, and arytenoid posturing is proposed. Normal voice is altered by introducing various prephonatory configurations. Potential compensatory mechanisms (increased subglottal pressure, muscle activation, and supraglottal constriction) are adjusted to restore an acoustic target output through a control loop that mimics a simplified version of auditory feedback. Results: The degree of incomplete glottal closure in both the membranous and posterior portions of the folds consistently leads to a reduction in sound pressure level, fundamental frequency, harmonic richness, and harmonics-to-noise ratio. The compensatory mechanisms lead to significantly increased vocal-fold collision forces, maximum flow-declination rate, and amplitude of unsteady flow, without significantly altering the acoustic output. Conclusion: Modeling provided potentially important insights into the pathophysiology of phonotraumatic vocal hyperfunction by demonstrating that compensatory mechanisms can counteract deterioration in the voice acoustic signal due to incomplete glottal closure, but this also leads to high vocal-fold collision forces (reflected in aerodynamic measures), which significantly increases the risk of developing phonotrauma.
Purpose: Our goal was to test prevailing assumptions about the underlying biomechanical and aeroacoustic mechanisms associated with phonotraumatic lesions of the vocal folds using a numerical lumped-element model of voice production. Method: A numerical model with a triangular glottis, posterior glottal opening, and arytenoid posturing is proposed. Normal voice is altered by introducing various prephonatory configurations. Potential compensatory mechanisms (increased subglottal pressure, muscle activation, and supraglottal constriction) are adjusted to restore an acoustic target output through a control loop that mimics a simplified version of auditory feedback. Results: The degree of incomplete glottal closure in both the membranous and posterior portions of the folds consistently leads to a reduction in sound pressure level, fundamental frequency, harmonic richness, and harmonics-to-noise ratio. The compensatory mechanisms lead to significantly increased vocal-fold collision forces, maximum flow-declination rate, and amplitude of unsteady flow, without significantly altering the acoustic output. Conclusion: Modeling provided potentially important insights into the pathophysiology of phonotraumatic vocal hyperfunction by demonstrating that compensatory mechanisms can counteract deterioration in the voice acoustic signal due to incomplete glottal closure, but this also leads to high vocal-fold collision forces (reflected in aerodynamic measures), which significantly increases the risk of developing phonotrauma.
Authors: Matías Zañartu; Gabriel E Galindo; Byron D Erath; Sean D Peterson; George R Wodicka; Robert E Hillman Journal: J Acoust Soc Am Date: 2014-12 Impact factor: 1.840
Authors: Rodrigo Manriquez; Sean D Peterson; Pavel Prado; Patricio Orio; Gabriel E Galindo; Matias Zanartu Journal: IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng Date: 2019-03-18 Impact factor: 3.802
Authors: Víctor M Espinoza; Daryush D Mehta; Jarrad H Van Stan; Robert E Hillman; Matías Zañartu Journal: J Speech Lang Hear Res Date: 2020-08-05 Impact factor: 2.297
Authors: Yeonggwang Park; Feng Wang; Manuel Díaz-Cádiz; Jennifer M Vojtech; Matti D Groll; Cara E Stepp Journal: J Acoust Soc Am Date: 2021-04 Impact factor: 1.840
Authors: Daryush D Mehta; James B Kobler; Steven M Zeitels; Matías Zañartu; Byron D Erath; Mohsen Motie-Shirazi; Sean D Peterson; Robert H Petrillo; Robert E Hillman Journal: Appl Sci (Basel) Date: 2019-10-16 Impact factor: 2.679
Authors: Gabriel A Alzamendi; Sean D Peterson; Byron D Erath; Robert E Hillman; Matías Zañartu Journal: J Acoust Soc Am Date: 2022-01 Impact factor: 1.840
Authors: Manuel E Díaz-Cádiz; Sean D Peterson; Gabriel E Galindo; Víctor M Espinoza; Mohsen Motie-Shirazi; Byron D Erath; Matías Zañartu Journal: Appl Sci (Basel) Date: 2019-06-11 Impact factor: 2.679