Anna Krakowiak1, Anna Piekarska-Wijatkowska2, Katarzyna Kobza-Sindlewska3, Anna Rogaczewska4, Piotr Politański5, Piotr Hydzik6, Beata Szkolnicka7, Tomasz Kłopotowski8, Sebastian Picheta9, Barbara Porębska10, Andrzej Antończyk11, Wojciech Waldman12, Jacek Sein Anand13, Eryk Matuszkiewicz14, Magdalena Łukasik-Głębocka15. 1. Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Łódź, Poland (Department of Toxicology, Toxicology Unit). annakrak@imp.lodz.pl. 2. Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Łódź, Poland (Department of Toxicology, Poison Information Centre). piekarska@imp.lodz.pl. 3. Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Łódź, Poland (Department of Toxicology, Poison Information Centre). kasind@imp.lodz.pl. 4. Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Łódź, Poland (Department of Toxicology, Poison Information Centre). annarog@imp.lodz.pl. 5. Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Łódź, Poland (Department of Radiological Protection). piopolit@imp.lodz.pl. 6. Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland (Department of Clinical Toxicology). piodzik@poczta.onet.pl. 7. Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland (Poison Information Centre). szkolbe@cm-uj.krakow.pl. 8. Institute of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, Sosnowiec, Poland (Regional Poisons Control Centre). t.klopotowski@gmail.com. 9. Institute of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, Sosnowiec, Poland (Regional Poisons Control Centre). yaris22@wp.pl. 10. T. Marciniak Lower Silesian Specialized Hospital - Emergency Medicine Centre, Wrocław, Poland. bmporebs@mp.pl. 11. T. Marciniak Lower Silesian Specialized Hospital - Emergency Medicine Centre, Wrocław, Poland. ooz.ww@interia.pl. 12. Pomeranian Center of Toxicology, Gdańsk, Poland. w.waldman@pctox.pl. 13. Pomeranian Center of Toxicology, Gdańsk, Poland. j.anand@pctox.pl. 14. University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland (Department of Emergency Medicine). eryk.m@wp.pl. 15. University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland (Department of Emergency Medicine). magda.glebocka@op.pl.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study has been to assess the characteristics of acute poisoning deaths in Poland over a period of time 2009-2013. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The analysis was based on the data obtained from the patient records stored in toxicology departments in 6 cities - Łódź, Kraków, Sosnowiec, Gdańsk, Wrocław and Poznań. Toxicological analyses were routinely performed in blood and/or urine. Major toxic substances were classified to one of the following categories: pharmaceuticals, alcohol group poisonings (ethanol and other alcohols), gases, solvents, drugs of abuse, pesticides, metals, mushrooms, others. Cases were analyzed according to the following criteria: year, age and gender of analyzed patients, toxic substance category and type of poisoning. The recorded fatal poisonings were classified according to the International Classification of Diseases. RESULTS: The record of 261 deaths were retrospectively reviewed. There were 187 males (71.64%) and 74 females (28.36%) and the male to female ratio was 2.52. Alcohol group poisonings were more frequently responsible for deaths in men compared to all poisonings, 91.1% vs. 71.6%, respectively (p < 0.05), and pharmaceutical agents were more frequently responsible for deaths in women, 47.4% vs. 28.4%, (p < 0.05). Methanol was the most common agent in the alcohol group poisonings, accounting for 43.75% (N = 49), followed by ethylene glycol, 39.29% (N = 44), and ethanol, 16.96% (N = 19). CONCLUSIONS: Epidemiological profile data from investigation of poisoning deaths in Poland may be very useful for the development of preventive programs. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2017;30(6):897-908. This work is available in Open Access model and licensed under a CC BY-NC 3.0 PL license.
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study has been to assess the characteristics of acute poisoning deaths in Poland over a period of time 2009-2013. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The analysis was based on the data obtained from the patient records stored in toxicology departments in 6 cities - Łódź, Kraków, Sosnowiec, Gdańsk, Wrocław and Poznań. Toxicological analyses were routinely performed in blood and/or urine. Major toxic substances were classified to one of the following categories: pharmaceuticals, alcohol group poisonings (ethanol and other alcohols), gases, solvents, drugs of abuse, pesticides, metals, mushrooms, others. Cases were analyzed according to the following criteria: year, age and gender of analyzed patients, toxic substance category and type of poisoning. The recorded fatal poisonings were classified according to the International Classification of Diseases. RESULTS: The record of 261 deaths were retrospectively reviewed. There were 187 males (71.64%) and 74 females (28.36%) and the male to female ratio was 2.52. Alcohol group poisonings were more frequently responsible for deaths in men compared to all poisonings, 91.1% vs. 71.6%, respectively (p < 0.05), and pharmaceutical agents were more frequently responsible for deaths in women, 47.4% vs. 28.4%, (p < 0.05). Methanol was the most common agent in the alcohol group poisonings, accounting for 43.75% (N = 49), followed by ethylene glycol, 39.29% (N = 44), and ethanol, 16.96% (N = 19). CONCLUSIONS: Epidemiological profile data from investigation of poisoning deaths in Poland may be very useful for the development of preventive programs. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2017;30(6):897-908. This work is available in Open Access model and licensed under a CC BY-NC 3.0 PL license.
Entities:
Keywords:
Poland; epidemiology; fatal poisonings; mortality; poisoning death; retrospective study
Authors: Aleksandra Świderska; Marek Wiśniewski; Marek Wiergowski; Anna Krakowiak; Jacek Sein Anand Journal: BMC Pharmacol Toxicol Date: 2018-10-10 Impact factor: 2.483