Nicolas Arej1,2, Carla Irani3,4, Youssef Abdelmassih5,4, Elise Slim5, Joelle Antoun5, Riad Bejjani5,4, Alexandre Schakal4, Naji Waked5,4. 1. Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon. nicolas.arej@gmail.com. 2. Hôtel-Dieu de France Hospital, Blvd. Alfred Naccache, Achrafieh, P.O. Box: 166830, Beirut, Lebanon. nicolas.arej@gmail.com. 3. Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon. 4. Hôtel-Dieu de France Hospital, Blvd. Alfred Naccache, Achrafieh, P.O. Box: 166830, Beirut, Lebanon. 5. Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To describe the profile of patients with allergic conjunctivitis (AC) regarding their demographics, symptomatology and specific allergen sensitization, in a Lebanese tertiary hospital. METHODS: Cross-sectional study conducted at the Hôtel-Dieu de France hospital (Beirut, Lebanon) during a period of 18 months. Patients with seasonal or perennial AC presenting for ophthalmic consultation had measurements of total and specific IgE. A matching group of patients with AC seen at the allergist office during the same period underwent skin prick tests (SPTs). RESULTS: Forty-four patients were enrolled for blood work by their ophthalmologists. Seasonal and perennial forms were almost equivalent. In total, 56.8% had positive specific IgE, with higher prevalence in patients with seasonal AC (p = 0.002), other associated allergies particularly allergic rhinitis (p = 0.002) or a family history of allergy (p = 0.005). Ocular surface severity scales were not shown as predictors. High levels of total IgE were commonly detected in those with positive specific IgE. Thirty-eight patients were assessed with SPT, and all had a positive result for at least one allergen. Dust mites were found to be the most frequent allergens based upon both specific IgE (72%) and SPT (92%), followed by Parietaria and other pollens. CONCLUSION: In our study, dust mites mono- or co-sensitization is present in the majority of patients with AC, with odds of positivity being higher using SPT than specific IgE. The latter are found more readily in seasonal AC and in the presence of personal and family history of allergy.
PURPOSE: To describe the profile of patients with allergic conjunctivitis (AC) regarding their demographics, symptomatology and specific allergen sensitization, in a Lebanese tertiary hospital. METHODS: Cross-sectional study conducted at the Hôtel-Dieu de France hospital (Beirut, Lebanon) during a period of 18 months. Patients with seasonal or perennial AC presenting for ophthalmic consultation had measurements of total and specific IgE. A matching group of patients with AC seen at the allergist office during the same period underwent skin prick tests (SPTs). RESULTS: Forty-four patients were enrolled for blood work by their ophthalmologists. Seasonal and perennial forms were almost equivalent. In total, 56.8% had positive specific IgE, with higher prevalence in patients with seasonal AC (p = 0.002), other associated allergies particularly allergic rhinitis (p = 0.002) or a family history of allergy (p = 0.005). Ocular surface severity scales were not shown as predictors. High levels of total IgE were commonly detected in those with positive specific IgE. Thirty-eight patients were assessed with SPT, and all had a positive result for at least one allergen. Dust mites were found to be the most frequent allergens based upon both specific IgE (72%) and SPT (92%), followed by Parietaria and other pollens. CONCLUSION: In our study, dust mites mono- or co-sensitization is present in the majority of patients with AC, with odds of positivity being higher using SPT than specific IgE. The latter are found more readily in seasonal AC and in the presence of personal and family history of allergy.
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