Joanna R Sells1, Andrew J Waters2, R Ross MacLean3. 1. Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA. 2. Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA. Electronic address: joanna.sells@usuhs.edu. 3. Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, 300 George Street, Suite 901, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; VA Connecticut Healthcare System, 950 Campbell Avenue, West Haven, CT 06516, USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Most smokers want to quit but most cessation attempts end in failure. Alcohol consumption is associated with smoking behavior and relapse. We examined the associations between severity of drinking and psychological processes during a cessation attempt in the laboratory and during a quit attempt. METHODS: Smokers (N=209) enrolled in a smoking cessation study were followed from 2 weeks pre-quit through 4 weeks post-quit. Participants scoring 0-7 and 8-15 on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) were classified as low-risk and high-risk drinkers, respectively. Participants attended one pre-quit laboratory session before which they were required to abstain from smoking and another pre-quit session before which they smoked normally. Craving was assessed in the laboratory with the Questionnaire for Smoking Urges (QSU). A subsample of the participants also completed a 1-week ecological momentary assessment (EMA) study starting on the quit day. During EMA, craving for cigarettes was assessed, and attentional bias was assessed using a smoking Stroop task (n=119). RESULTS: High (vs. low) risk participants reported greater abstinence-induced increases in craving in the laboratory, and also exhibited greater attentional bias on the smoking Stroop task during EMA. CONCLUSIONS: High-risk drinkers exhibited a stronger increase in desire to smoke in abstinence and greater attentional bias to smoking cues early in a quit attempt, both of which may motivate continued smoking behaviors. High-risk drinkers may require more intensive or different smoking cessation interventions.
OBJECTIVE: Most smokers want to quit but most cessation attempts end in failure. Alcohol consumption is associated with smoking behavior and relapse. We examined the associations between severity of drinking and psychological processes during a cessation attempt in the laboratory and during a quit attempt. METHODS: Smokers (N=209) enrolled in a smoking cessation study were followed from 2 weeks pre-quit through 4 weeks post-quit. Participants scoring 0-7 and 8-15 on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) were classified as low-risk and high-risk drinkers, respectively. Participants attended one pre-quit laboratory session before which they were required to abstain from smoking and another pre-quit session before which they smoked normally. Craving was assessed in the laboratory with the Questionnaire for Smoking Urges (QSU). A subsample of the participants also completed a 1-week ecological momentary assessment (EMA) study starting on the quit day. During EMA, craving for cigarettes was assessed, and attentional bias was assessed using a smoking Stroop task (n=119). RESULTS: High (vs. low) risk participants reported greater abstinence-induced increases in craving in the laboratory, and also exhibited greater attentional bias on the smoking Stroop task during EMA. CONCLUSIONS: High-risk drinkers exhibited a stronger increase in desire to smoke in abstinence and greater attentional bias to smoking cues early in a quit attempt, both of which may motivate continued smoking behaviors. High-risk drinkers may require more intensive or different smoking cessation interventions.
Authors: Saul Shiffman; Chad J Gwaltney; Mark H Balabanis; Kenneth S Liu; Jean A Paty; Jon D Kassel; Mary Hickcox; Maryann Gnys Journal: J Abnorm Psychol Date: 2002-11
Authors: Amy M Cohn; Michael S Amato; Kang Zhao; Xi Wang; Sarah Cha; Jennifer L Pearson; George D Papandonatos; Amanda L Graham Journal: Alcohol Clin Exp Res Date: 2018-11-19 Impact factor: 3.455