Myosotis Massidda1,2, Sarah Voisin3, Claudia Culigioni1, Francesco Piras4, Paolo Cugia4, Xu Yan3, Nir Eynon3,5, Carla M Calò1. 1. Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy. 2. Italian Sports Medicine Federation (FMSI), Rome, Italy. 3. Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living (ISEAL), Victoria University, Victoria, Australia. 4. Cagliari CalcioSpa, Cagliari, Italy. 5. Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The ACTN3 R577X gene variant results in the absence of the α-actinin-3 protein in ∼18% of humans worldwide and has been associated with athletic performance and increased susceptibility to eccentric muscle damage. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between ACTN3 R577X variant and indirect muscle disorders/injuries in professional football players. DESIGN: A case-control, genotype-phenotype association study. INTERVENTION: Two hundred fifty-seven male professional Italian football players (from Serie A, Primavera, Allievi, and Giovanissimi; age = 21.2 ± 5.3 years) and 265 nonathletic controls were recruited for the study. Genomic DNA was extracted using a buccal swab, and the ACTN3 R577X genotype was performed using a PCR method. Structural-mechanical injuries and functional muscle disorders were collected from a subgroup of 169 football players during the period of 2009 to 2014. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: We hypothesized that the 577XX genotype would be associated with higher predisposition to muscle injuries (compared with the other genotypes). RESULTS: ACTN3 XX (α-actinin-3 deficiency) players had 2.66 higher odds for an injury incidence than their ACTN3 RR counterparts (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.09-6.63, P = 0.02), whereas RX and RR players had similar injury incidence. Furthermore, ACTN3 XX players had 2.13 higher odds for having a severe injury compared with their RR counterparts (95% CI: 1.25-3.74, P = 0.0054), whereas RX individuals had 1.63 higher odds for having a severe injury compared with the RR players (95% CI: 1.10-2.40, P = 0.015). CONCLUSIONS: The ACTN3 R577X polymorphism is associated with the incidence and severity of muscle injuries in professional football players; players with the ACTN3 577XX genotype have higher odds of having muscle injuries than their RR counterparts. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Discovering the complex relationship between gene variants and muscle injuries may assist coaches, physiologists, and the medical community to development tailored injury prevention program for football players, which could provide a new edge for successful competition.
OBJECTIVE: The ACTN3R577X gene variant results in the absence of the α-actinin-3 protein in ∼18% of humans worldwide and has been associated with athletic performance and increased susceptibility to eccentric muscle damage. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between ACTN3R577X variant and indirect muscle disorders/injuries in professional football players. DESIGN: A case-control, genotype-phenotype association study. INTERVENTION: Two hundred fifty-seven male professional Italian football players (from Serie A, Primavera, Allievi, and Giovanissimi; age = 21.2 ± 5.3 years) and 265 nonathletic controls were recruited for the study. Genomic DNA was extracted using a buccal swab, and the ACTN3R577X genotype was performed using a PCR method. Structural-mechanical injuries and functional muscle disorders were collected from a subgroup of 169 football players during the period of 2009 to 2014. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: We hypothesized that the 577XX genotype would be associated with higher predisposition to muscle injuries (compared with the other genotypes). RESULTS:ACTN3 XX (α-actinin-3 deficiency) players had 2.66 higher odds for an injury incidence than their ACTN3 RR counterparts (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.09-6.63, P = 0.02), whereas RX and RR players had similar injury incidence. Furthermore, ACTN3 XX players had 2.13 higher odds for having a severe injury compared with their RR counterparts (95% CI: 1.25-3.74, P = 0.0054), whereas RX individuals had 1.63 higher odds for having a severe injury compared with the RR players (95% CI: 1.10-2.40, P = 0.015). CONCLUSIONS: The ACTN3R577X polymorphism is associated with the incidence and severity of muscle injuries in professional football players; players with the ACTN3 577XX genotype have higher odds of having muscle injuries than their RR counterparts. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Discovering the complex relationship between gene variants and muscle injuries may assist coaches, physiologists, and the medical community to development tailored injury prevention program for football players, which could provide a new edge for successful competition.
Authors: Juan Del Coso; Danielle Hiam; Peter Houweling; Laura M Pérez; Nir Eynon; Alejandro Lucía Journal: Eur J Appl Physiol Date: 2018-10-16 Impact factor: 3.078
Authors: Natalia Potocka; Beata Penar-Zadarko; Marzena Skrzypa; Marcin Braun; Maria Zadarko-Domaradzka; Mariusz Ozimek; Edyta Nizioł-Babiarz; Zbigniew Barabasz; Izabela Zawlik; Emilian Zadarko Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2019-04-27 Impact factor: 3.390
Authors: Antonio Maestro; David Varillas-Delgado; Esther Morencos; Jorge Gutiérrez-Hellín; Millán Aguilar-Navarro; Gonzalo Revuelta; Juan Del Coso Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2022-08-18 Impact factor: 4.614
Authors: Juan Del Coso; Gil Rodas; Miguel Ángel Buil; Javier Sánchez-Sánchez; Pedro López; Joaquín González-Ródenas; Pablo Gasulla-Anglés; Álvaro López-Samanes; Sergio Hernández-Sánchez; Ane Iztueta; Víctor Moreno-Pérez Journal: Genes (Basel) Date: 2022-09-12 Impact factor: 4.141