Theory-driven models of self-directed violence among individuals with PTSD.

PTSD is a well-established risk factor for the full range of self-directed violence (SDV). It is also one of the few psychological conditions that distinguish those who think about suicide from those who attempt suicide. Despite considerable evidence supporting these points, very little is understood about the mechanisms by which PTSD increases the risk for SDV at the present time. This knowledge gap is largely due to the absence of research driven by empirically-supported models of suicide. More recently, this knowledge gap has been slowly filled by a growing number of studies informed by two particular conceptual models: the fluid vulnerability theory and the interpersonal psychological theory. Findings supporting each model are discussed, as are implications for future research.