Laurent Michel1, Don C Des Jarlais2, Huong Duong Thi3, Oanh Khuat Thi Hai4, Khuê Pham Minh3, Marianne Peries5, Roselyne Vallo5, Thanh Nham Thi Tuyet4, Giang Hoang Thi3, Mai Le Sao6, Jonathan Feelemyer2, Vinh Vu Hai7, Jean-Pierre Moles5, Didier Laureillard8, Nicolas Nagot9. 1. CESP/Inserm1018, Pierre Nicole Centre, French Red Cross, 27 Pierre Nicole Street, 75005, Paris, France. Electronic address: laurentnmichel@gmail.com. 2. Mount Sinai Beth Israel, 39 Broadway 5th Floor Suite 530 New York, NY 10006, USA. 3. Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 72A Nguyen Binh Khiem, Hai Phong, Viet Nam. 4. Supporting Community Development Initiatives, 240 Mai Anh Tuan Street, Ba Dinh District, Hanoi, Viet Nam. 5. Inserm UMR 1058, Etablissement français du Sang, University of Montpellier, 60 de Navacelles Street, 34394 Montpellier Cedex 5, France. 6. Departement of mental health, Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 72A Nguyen Binh Khiem, Hai Phong, Viet Nam. 7. Infectious Diseases Department, Viet Tiep Hospital, So 1, duong Nha Thuong, Le Chan, Hai Phong, Viet Nam. 8. Inserm UMR 1058, Etablissement français du Sang, University of Montpellier, 60 de Navacelles Street, 34394 Montpellier Cedex 5, France; Infectious Diseases Department, Caremeau University Hospital, Prefessor Robert Debré Place, 30900 Nîmes, France. 9. Inserm UMR 1058, Etablissement français du Sang, University of Montpellier, 60 de Navacelles Street, 34394 Montpellier Cedex 5, France; Department of Medical Information, University Hospital of Montpellier, 34090, Montpellier, France.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to describe patterns among people who inject drugs (PWID), risk-related behaviours and access to methadone treatment, in order to design a large-scale intervention aiming to end the HIV epidemic in Haiphong, Vietnam. METHODS: A respondent-driven sampling (RDS) survey was first conducted to identify profiles of drug use and HIV risk-related behaviour among PWID. A sample of PWID was then included in a one-year cohort study to describe access to methadone treatment and associated factors. RESULTS: Among the 603 patients enrolled in the RDS survey, 10% were female, all were injecting heroin and 24% were using methamphetamine, including 3 (0.5%) through injection. Different profiles of risk-related behaviours were identified, including one entailing high-risk sexual behaviour (n=37) and another involving drug-related high-risk practices (n=22). High-risk sexual activity was related to binge drinking and methamphetamine use. Among subjects with low sexual risk, sexual intercourse with a main partner with unknown serostatus was often unprotected. Among the 250 PWID included in the cohort, 55.2% initiated methadone treatment during the follow-up (versus 4.4% at RDS); methamphetamine use significantly increased. The factors associated with not being treated with methadone after 52 weeks were fewer injections per month and being a methamphetamine user at RDS. CONCLUSION: Heroin is still the main drug injected in Haiphong. Methamphetamine use is increasing markedly and is associated with delay in methadone initiation. Drug-related risks are low but sexual risk behaviours are still present. Comprehensive approaches are needed in the short term.
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to describe patterns among people who inject drugs (PWID), risk-related behaviours and access to methadone treatment, in order to design a large-scale intervention aiming to end the HIV epidemic in Haiphong, Vietnam. METHODS: A respondent-driven sampling (RDS) survey was first conducted to identify profiles of drug use and HIV risk-related behaviour among PWID. A sample of PWID was then included in a one-year cohort study to describe access to methadone treatment and associated factors. RESULTS: Among the 603 patients enrolled in the RDS survey, 10% were female, all were injecting heroin and 24% were using methamphetamine, including 3 (0.5%) through injection. Different profiles of risk-related behaviours were identified, including one entailing high-risk sexual behaviour (n=37) and another involving drug-related high-risk practices (n=22). High-risk sexual activity was related to binge drinking and methamphetamine use. Among subjects with low sexual risk, sexual intercourse with a main partner with unknown serostatus was often unprotected. Among the 250 PWID included in the cohort, 55.2% initiated methadone treatment during the follow-up (versus 4.4% at RDS); methamphetamine use significantly increased. The factors associated with not being treated with methadone after 52 weeks were fewer injections per month and being a methamphetamine user at RDS. CONCLUSION:Heroin is still the main drug injected in Haiphong. Methamphetamine use is increasing markedly and is associated with delay in methadone initiation. Drug-related risks are low but sexual risk behaviours are still present. Comprehensive approaches are needed in the short term.
Authors: Kim A Hoffman; Le Minh Giang; P Todd Korthuis; Andrew Edsall; Dinh Thanh Thuy; Pham Phuong Mai; Nguyen Thu Hang; Tong Thi Khuyen; Nguyen Thu Trang; Lynn E Kunkel Journal: BMC Public Health Date: 2021-09-22 Impact factor: 4.135
Authors: Jonathan Feelemyer; Kamyar Arasteh; Duong T Huong; Khuat T H Oanh; Pham M Khue; Hoang T Giang; Nham T T Thanh; Jean Pierre Moles; Vu H Vinh; Roselyne Vallo; Catherine Quillet; Delphine Rapoud; Sao M Le; Laurent Michel; Didier Laureillard; Nicolas Nagot; Don C Des Jarlais Journal: AIDS Date: 2020-11-01 Impact factor: 4.632