X Huang1,2, O Tsilochristou1, S Perna1, S Hofmaier1, A Cappella3, C-P Bauer4, U Hoffman4, J Forster5, F Zepp6, A Schuster7, R D'Amelio3, U Wahn1, T Keil8,9, S Lau1, P M Matricardi1. 1. Department of Pediatrics, Pneumology & Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany. 2. Department of Pediatrics, Shengzhou People's Hospital, Shengzhou, China. 3. Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, S. Andrea University Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. 4. Department of Pediatrics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany. 5. Department of Pediatrics St. Hedwig, St. Josefs Hospital, Freiburg, Germany. 6. Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medicine Mainz, Mainz, Germany. 7. Department of Pediatrics, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany. 8. Institute for Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany. 9. Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: In early childhood, the allergen-specific IgG repertoire is mainly directed to animal and vegetable food molecules and infrequently to airborne molecules. It is unknown whether this early pattern is maintained throughout childhood. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the evolution of IgG and IgE responses to a broad panel of allergenic molecules from birth to age 10 years. METHODS: We examined the sera collected between birth and age 10 years from participants in the German Multicentre Allergy Study, a birth cohort born in 1990. The IgE (cutoff ≥0.30 ISU) and IgG (cutoff ≥0.10 ISU) responses to 35 genuine allergenic molecules were measured with a multiplex microarray approach (ImmunoCAP ISAC™). RESULTS: IgE responses were mostly directed against a restricted group of airborne molecules, with a sequence and prevalence hierarchy (Phl p 1> Bet v 1> Fel d 1> Phl p 5> Der p 2> Der p 1) largely maintained over time. Conversely, the IgG repertoire was much broader, starting with animal foodborne, then spreading to vegetable foodborne and finally to airborne molecules. A strong and persistent IgG response to a given airborne molecule almost invariably preceded or accompanied an IgE response to that molecule. CONCLUSIONS: The evolution of IgG and IgE responses throughout childhood differs widely at population level. IgG responses are mostly directed to animal food allergens, while IgE responses are dominated by airborne allergens. However, a strong IgG response almost invariably precedes or accompanies the appearance of IgE to the same molecule in specifically sensitized subjects.
BACKGROUND: In early childhood, the allergen-specific IgG repertoire is mainly directed to animal and vegetable food molecules and infrequently to airborne molecules. It is unknown whether this early pattern is maintained throughout childhood. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the evolution of IgG and IgE responses to a broad panel of allergenic molecules from birth to age 10 years. METHODS: We examined the sera collected between birth and age 10 years from participants in the German Multicentre Allergy Study, a birth cohort born in 1990. The IgE (cutoff ≥0.30 ISU) and IgG (cutoff ≥0.10 ISU) responses to 35 genuine allergenic molecules were measured with a multiplex microarray approach (ImmunoCAP ISAC™). RESULTS: IgE responses were mostly directed against a restricted group of airborne molecules, with a sequence and prevalence hierarchy (Phl p 1> Bet v 1> Fel d 1> Phl p 5> Der p 2> Der p 1) largely maintained over time. Conversely, the IgG repertoire was much broader, starting with animal foodborne, then spreading to vegetable foodborne and finally to airborne molecules. A strong and persistent IgG response to a given airborne molecule almost invariably preceded or accompanied an IgE response to that molecule. CONCLUSIONS: The evolution of IgG and IgE responses throughout childhood differs widely at population level. IgG responses are mostly directed to animal food allergens, while IgE responses are dominated by airborne allergens. However, a strong IgG response almost invariably precedes or accompanies the appearance of IgE to the same molecule in specifically sensitized subjects.
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