Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) and stroke; the dilemma of genetic variation.

Ischaemic stroke, which is mostly caused by atherosclerosis, is one of the most widely causes of mortality and morbidity. One of the most important enzymatic activities of paraoxonase-1 (PON1) in association with high-density lipoprotein (HDL) is the prevention of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation, which gives it an anti-atherogenic activity. PON1 expression and activity is influenced by various factors; the most important of which is genetic polymorphism, mainly single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The results of various studies in different populations indicate that some SNPs of the PON1 gene are associated with stroke. Therefore, in this review we studied various researches, in which the association of PON1 SNPs with stroke had been investigated in different populations.