Zuohui Xiao1, Kehua Que1, Haorong Wang1, Ran An1, Zhen Chen1, Zhongjun Qiu2, Mingli Lin1, Jinhua Song1, Jie Yang1, Danyang Lu1, Minjuan Shen1, Binbin Guan1, Yinghui Wang1, Xuliang Deng3, Xiaoping Yang4, Qing Cai4, Jiaying Deng1, Li Ma1, Xi Zhang1, Xu Zhang5. 1. School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, 12 Observatory Road, Tianjin 300070, PR China. 2. State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology & Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China. 3. Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, PR China. 4. The Key Laboratory of Beijing City on Preparation and Processing of Novel Polymer, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 North Three-ring East Road, Beijing 100029, PR China. 5. School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, 12 Observatory Road, Tianjin 300070, PR China. Electronic address: zhxden@gmail.com.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to develop a rapid and effective method to remineralize human carious-like enamel using chimaeric peptide-mediated nanocomplexes of carboxymethyl chitosan/amorphous calcium phosphate (CMC/ACP), mimicking the mineralizing pattern of the oriented assembly of ACP guided by amelogenin in the biomineralization of enamel. METHODS: CMC/ACP nanocomplex solution was first synthesized through the successive addition of carboxymethyl chitosan, calcium chloride, and dipotassium phosphate into distilled water. ACP nanoparticles were degraded by 1% NaClO from CMC/ACP nanocomplexes. The morphology of the particles at different periods was tested by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The chimaeric peptides were added to guide the arrangement of ACP nanoparticles and to bind ACP nanoparticles to the demineralized enamel surface specifically. X-ray diffraction (XRD)/scanning electron microscope (SEM)/confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM)/nano-indentation tests were applied to check the remineralization effects. RESULTS: CMC/ACP nanocomplexes were obtained and could be kept without precipitation for a long time. After the degradation of NaClO and guidance of chimaeric peptides, ACP nanoparticles were arranged into oriented arrays before transforming into crystals, and the enamel-like crystals were tightly bound onto the demineralized surface. The newly formed enamel-like crystals were nearly well-organized and equipped with strong mechanical properties.
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to develop a rapid and effective method to remineralize human carious-like enamel using chimaeric peptide-mediated nanocomplexes of carboxymethyl chitosan/amorphous calcium phosphate (CMC/ACP), mimicking the mineralizing pattern of the oriented assembly of ACP guided by amelogenin in the biomineralization of enamel. METHODS:CMC/ACP nanocomplex solution was first synthesized through the successive addition of carboxymethyl chitosan, calcium chloride, and dipotassium phosphate into distilled water. ACP nanoparticles were degraded by 1% NaClO from CMC/ACP nanocomplexes. The morphology of the particles at different periods was tested by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The chimaeric peptides were added to guide the arrangement of ACP nanoparticles and to bind ACP nanoparticles to the demineralized enamel surface specifically. X-ray diffraction (XRD)/scanning electron microscope (SEM)/confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM)/nano-indentation tests were applied to check the remineralization effects. RESULTS:CMC/ACP nanocomplexes were obtained and could be kept without precipitation for a long time. After the degradation of NaClO and guidance of chimaeric peptides, ACP nanoparticles were arranged into oriented arrays before transforming into crystals, and the enamel-like crystals were tightly bound onto the demineralized surface. The newly formed enamel-like crystals were nearly well-organized and equipped with strong mechanical properties.