Ignacio Sanz-Martin1, Janet Doolittle-Hall2, Ricardo P Teles3, Michele Patel4, Georgios N Belibasakis5, Christoph H F Hämmerle6, Ronald E Jung6, Flavia R F Teles3. 1. Section of Periodontology, Faculty of Odontology, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain. 2. Department of Dental Ecology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Dentistry, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. 3. Department of Periodontology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Dentistry, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. 4. Department of Applied Oral Sciences, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA. 5. Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden. 6. Clinic of Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics and Dental Material Science, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
Abstract
AIM: To compare the microbiome of healthy (H) and diseased (P) peri-implant sites and determine the core peri-implant microbiome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Submucosal biofilms from 32 H and 35 P sites were analysed using 16S rRNA sequencing (MiSeq, Illumina), QIIME and HOMINGS. Differences between groups were determined using principal coordinate analysis (PCoA), t tests and Wilcoxon rank sum test and FDR-adjusted. The peri-implant core microbiome was determined. RESULTS: PCoA showed partitioning between H and P at all taxonomic levels. Bacteroidetes, Spirochetes and Synergistetes were higher in P, while Actinobacteria prevailed in H (p < .05). Porphyromonas and Treponema were more abundant in P while Rothia and Neisseria were higher in H (p < .05). The core peri-implant microbiome contained Fusobacterium, Parvimonas and Campylobacter sp. T. denticola, and P. gingivalis levels were higher in P, as well as F. alocis, F. fastidiosum and T. maltophilum (p < .05). CONCLUSION: The peri-implantitis microbiome is commensal-depleted and pathogen-enriched, harbouring traditional and new pathogens. The core peri-implant microbiome harbours taxa from genera often associated with periodontal inflammation.
AIM: To compare the microbiome of healthy (H) and diseased (P) peri-implant sites and determine the core peri-implant microbiome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Submucosal biofilms from 32 H and 35 P sites were analysed using 16S rRNA sequencing (MiSeq, Illumina), QIIME and HOMINGS. Differences between groups were determined using principal coordinate analysis (PCoA), t tests and Wilcoxon rank sum test and FDR-adjusted. The peri-implant core microbiome was determined. RESULTS: PCoA showed partitioning between H and P at all taxonomic levels. Bacteroidetes, Spirochetes and Synergistetes were higher in P, while Actinobacteria prevailed in H (p < .05). Porphyromonas and Treponema were more abundant in P while Rothia and Neisseria were higher in H (p < .05). The core peri-implant microbiome contained Fusobacterium, Parvimonas and Campylobacter sp. T. denticola, and P. gingivalis levels were higher in P, as well as F. alocis, F. fastidiosum and T. maltophilum (p < .05). CONCLUSION: The peri-implantitis microbiome is commensal-depleted and pathogen-enriched, harbouring traditional and new pathogens. The core peri-implant microbiome harbours taxa from genera often associated with periodontal inflammation.
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