Satu Larson1, Susan Chapman2,3,4, Joanne Spetz3,4,5,6, Claire D Brindis7,8,9. 1. San José State University, The Valley Foundation School of Nursing, One Washington Square, San José, CA 95192. 2. University of California San Francisco, School of Nursing, Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Nurse Health Policy Program, 3333 California St., Ste. 265, San Francisco, CA 94118. 3. University of California San Francisco, Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, 3333 California St., Ste. 265, San Francisco, CA 94118. 4. University of California San Francisco, Healthforce Center, 3333 California St., Ste. 265, San Francisco, CA 94118. 5. University of California San Francisco, School of Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, 3333 California St., Ste. 265, San Francisco, CA 94118. 6. University of California San Francisco, School of Nursing, Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences; 3333 California St., Ste. 265, San Francisco, CA 94118. 7. University of California San Francisco, Philip R. Lee Institute of Health Policy Studies, 3333 California St., Ste. 265, San Francisco, CA 94118. 8. University of California San Francisco, School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics and Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Health Services, 3333 California St., Ste. 265, San Francisco, CA 94118. 9. Adolescent and Young Adult Health National Resource Center, 3333 California St., Ste. 265, San Francisco, CA 94118.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Children and adolescents exposed to chronic trauma have a greater risk for mental health disorders and school failure. Children and adolescents of minority racial/ethnic groups and those living in poverty are at greater risk of exposure to trauma and less likely to have access to mental health services. School-based health centers (SBHCs) may be one strategy to decrease health disparities. METHODS: Empirical studies between 2003 and 2013 of US pediatric populations and of US SBHCs were included if research was related to childhood trauma's effects, mental health care disparities, SBHC mental health services, or SBHC impact on academic achievement. RESULTS: Eight studies show a significant risk of mental health disorders and poor academic achievement when exposed to childhood trauma. Seven studies found significant disparities in pediatric mental health care in the US. Nine studies reviewed SBHC mental health service access, utilization, quality, funding, and impact on school achievement. CONCLUSION: Exposure to chronic childhood trauma negatively impacts school achievement when mediated by mental health disorders. Disparities are common in pediatric mental health care in the United States. SBHC mental health services have some showed evidence of their ability to reduce, though not eradicate, mental health care disparities.
BACKGROUND:Children and adolescents exposed to chronic trauma have a greater risk for mental health disorders and school failure. Children and adolescents of minority racial/ethnic groups and those living in poverty are at greater risk of exposure to trauma and less likely to have access to mental health services. School-based health centers (SBHCs) may be one strategy to decrease health disparities. METHODS: Empirical studies between 2003 and 2013 of US pediatric populations and of US SBHCs were included if research was related to childhood trauma's effects, mental health care disparities, SBHC mental health services, or SBHC impact on academic achievement. RESULTS: Eight studies show a significant risk of mental health disorders and poor academic achievement when exposed to childhood trauma. Seven studies found significant disparities in pediatric mental health care in the US. Nine studies reviewed SBHC mental health service access, utilization, quality, funding, and impact on school achievement. CONCLUSION: Exposure to chronic childhood trauma negatively impacts school achievement when mediated by mental health disorders. Disparities are common in pediatric mental health care in the United States. SBHC mental health services have some showed evidence of their ability to reduce, though not eradicate, mental health care disparities.
Authors: Divya Mehta; Adrian B Kelly; Kristin R Laurens; Divna Haslam; Kate E Williams; Kerryann Walsh; Philip R A Baker; Hannah E Carter; Nigar G Khawaja; Ben Mathews; Oksana Zelenko Journal: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev Date: 2021-09-29
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