| Literature DB >> 28761611 |
Edith Nkwembe-Ngabana1,2, Steve Ahuka-Mundeke1,2, Benoit Kebela-Ilunga3, Emile Okitolo Londa4, Jean-Jacques Muyembe-Tamfum1,2.
Abstract
In the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), several influenza epidemics are ignored because they are confused with other infectious diseases which have similar symptoms. Our study aims to assess influenza epidemics occurred in the DRC before 2008, year of the implementation of the influenza surveillance program in the DRC. We searched all the documents [articles, report,…] about influenza epidemic or acute respiratory infections [ARI] in the DRC before 2008 by using chosen key words. Epidemic description elements were identified and analyzed in each report. 4 documents have been found that had no article published. The sites of the epidemic outbreak were the rural health zones in Koshibanda and Kahemba, Bandundu [1995 and 2007], in Bosobolo, Equator [2002] and in Kinshasa [2002-2003]. Attack and lethality rates were 3.9% and 16% in Koshibanda respectively; 0.1% and 2% in Kinshasa; 47.5% and 1.5% in Bosobolo and 14.6% and 2.9% in Kahemba. Children less than 5 years of age were the most affected. Their attack rates ranged between 22.6 and 57.7% and lethality rates ranged between 3.2 and 3.7%. The two epidemics in Bosobolo and Kinshasa were associated with H3N2 influenza virus. This literature review highlights a high morbidity and mortality due to rare influenza epidemics in the DRC.Entities:
Keywords: DRC; Epidemic; human influenza; monitoring
Mesh:
Year: 2017 PMID: 28761611 PMCID: PMC5516650 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2017.27.35.10197
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Pan Afr Med J
Caractéristiques générales des épidemies par sites
| Paramètres | ZS Bosobolo | ZS Kinshasa | ZS Kahemba | ZS Koshibanda |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Année de Survenue | 2002 | 2002 | 2007 | 1995 |
| Semaine de début | S35 | S41 | S17 | S36 |
| Semaine du pic | S44 | S2/2003 | S21 | S45 |
| Nombre de Sites affectés | 8 villages | 24 communes | 3 villages | 8 villages |
| Population investiguées | 2629 habitants | 5268736 habitants | 1145 habitants | 2620 habitants |
| Alerte de l’épidémie | 16 Nov. 2002 | Déc. 2002 | 05-juin-07 | Nov. 1995 |
| Définition des cas utilisés | Définition OMS | Définition l’OMS | Définition OMS | Définition OMS |
| Nombre de cas | 1245 | 7357 | 168 | 645 |
| Nombre décès | 18 | 146 | 5 | 101 |
| Taux d’attaque | 47.4% | 0.1% | 14.6% | 28.4% |
| Taux de létalité | 1.5% | 2% | 2.9% | 16% |
| Tranche d'age affectée | <4ans | <4ans | <4ans | - |
| <4ans | 252 cas (20%) | 3502 cas (47,6%) | 38 cas (22,6%) | |
| 5-14ans | 308 cas (24,7%) | 20 cas (0,2%) | 29 cas (17,2%) | |
| >65ans | 60 cas (4,8%) | 99 cas (1,3%) | - | |
|
| ||||
| <4ans | 3,50% | 3,20% | 0,60% | |
| 5-14ans | 0,30% | 1,70% | 0% | |
| >65ans | 3,20% | 1% | - |
OMS=une personne présentant de manière brutale une fièvre élevée, des myalgies et/ou des céphalées, et un syndrome respiratoire (toux, mal de gorge et/ou rhinorrhée)
Taux de Létalité=Nb décès /Nb de cas
Taux d’Attaque=Nb cas/population investiguée
Caractéristiques Etiologique des épidemies par sites
| Paramètres | ZS Bosobolo | ZS Kinshasa | ZS Kahemba | ZS Koshibanda |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lieu de la confirmation du diagnostic | Institut Pasteur de Paris | Institut Pasteur de Paris | Laboratoire national de santé de Luxembourg | - |
| Type de prélèvement | Sérum et sang total ; frottis nasopharyngés+MTV | Sérum et sang total ; frottis nasopharyngés+MTV | Frottis nasopharyngés et pharyngés +MTV | - |
| Méthode diagnostique | Sérologie et Culture | Sérologie et Culture | RT-PCR | Clinique |
| Sous type | H3N2[ | H3N2 | RSV, H3N2 | H3N2 |
=H3N2 (A/Moscow/10/99(H3N2)