Sanaz Keshavarz Shahbaz1, Fatemeh Pourrezagholi2, Mehri Barabadi3, Farshad Foroughi4, Morteza Hosseinzadeh5, Pedram Ahmadpoor2, Mohesn Nafar2, Mir Saeed Yekaninejad6, Aliakbar Amirzargar7. 1. Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. 2. Chronic Kidney Disease Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Shahid Labbafinejad Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 3. Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 4. Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran. 5. Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran. 6. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 7. Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Molecular Immunology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: amirzara@sina.tums.ac.ir.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (TIM-3) is involved in alloimmune and autoimmune responses, as well as tolerance induction in kidney transplantation. Kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) is highly expressed in epithelial cells of the injured proximal tubule. In this study, we have investigated both urinary and blood TIM-3 mRNA expressions, urinary KIM-1 mRNA expression, and urinary and serum KIM-1 proteins in renal allograft recipients diagnosed with acute allograft rejection (AR) and chronic allograft dysfunction (CAD), as well as those with well-functioning transplants (WFG). METHODS: We divided 85 patients into the following groups: AR (n=24), CAD (n=19), and WFG (n=42). TIM-3 and KIM-1 mRNA expressions were quantified using real-time reverse-transcription TaqMan probe polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). An ELISA test was used to measure the amount of KIM-1 protein in serum and urine samples. RESULTS: AR and CAD patients had significantly greater urinary and blood TIM-3 mRNA expressions, urinary KIM-1 mRNA expression, and urinary and serum KIM-1 proteins compared to WFG patients. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that these molecules discriminated Allograft rejections from WFG. CONCLUSION: Quantification of TIM-3 and KIM-1 mRNA expressions, along with KIM-1 protein measurements in urine and blood could be employed as promising tools for noninvasive diagnosis of allograft dysfunction.
BACKGROUND:T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (TIM-3) is involved in alloimmune and autoimmune responses, as well as tolerance induction in kidney transplantation. Kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) is highly expressed in epithelial cells of the injured proximal tubule. In this study, we have investigated both urinary and blood TIM-3 mRNA expressions, urinary KIM-1 mRNA expression, and urinary and serum KIM-1 proteins in renal allograft recipients diagnosed with acute allograft rejection (AR) and chronic allograft dysfunction (CAD), as well as those with well-functioning transplants (WFG). METHODS: We divided 85 patients into the following groups: AR (n=24), CAD (n=19), and WFG (n=42). TIM-3 and KIM-1 mRNA expressions were quantified using real-time reverse-transcription TaqMan probe polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). An ELISA test was used to measure the amount of KIM-1 protein in serum and urine samples. RESULTS:AR and CADpatients had significantly greater urinary and blood TIM-3 mRNA expressions, urinary KIM-1 mRNA expression, and urinary and serum KIM-1 proteins compared to WFG patients. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that these molecules discriminated Allograft rejections from WFG. CONCLUSION: Quantification of TIM-3 and KIM-1 mRNA expressions, along with KIM-1 protein measurements in urine and blood could be employed as promising tools for noninvasive diagnosis of allograft dysfunction.
Authors: Jieun Kim; Dong-Moung Kim; Yu Jin Park; Seung-Tae Lee; Hyon-Suk Kim; Myoung Soo Kim; Beom Seok Kim; Jong Rak Choi Journal: Ann Lab Med Date: 2021-09-01 Impact factor: 3.464
Authors: Xingqiang Lai; Xin Zheng; James M Mathew; Lorenzo Gallon; Joseph R Leventhal; Zheng Jenny Zhang Journal: Front Immunol Date: 2021-05-20 Impact factor: 7.561