Mouaz Alsawas1, Feras Zaiem1, Laura Larrea-Mantilla1, Jehad Almasri1, Patricia J Erwin2, Gilbert R Upchurch3, M Hassan Murad4. 1. Evidence-based Practice Center, Mayo Clinic Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. 2. Mayo Clinic Libraries, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. 3. Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va. 4. Evidence-based Practice Center, Mayo Clinic Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. Electronic address: murad.mohammad@mayo.edu.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) and open repair in patients with descending thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAAs). METHODS: PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, EBSCO Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and Scopus were searched from each database's inception to January 29, 2016. We selected studies that compared the two approaches in adults with TAAs and reported 30-day mortality or procedure complications. Two reviewers independently extracted data, and conflicts were resolved by consensus. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The main outcomes and measures were all-cause 30-day mortality, 30-day paraplegia or spinal cord ischemia, stroke, pulmonary complications, and length of hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) stay. RESULTS: Twenty-seven studies of moderate methodologic quality were included. TEVAR was associated with lower 30-day mortality in ruptured (OR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.38-0.88) and intact (OR, 0.6; 95% CI, 0.36-0.99) aneurysms. Paraplegia or spinal cord ischemia (OR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.2-0.61) and pulmonary complications (OR, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.37-0.46) were reduced in patients undergoing TEVAR, whereas a reduction in stroke risk was not statistically significant (OR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.76-1.03). Pooled mean difference in length of hospital and ICU stay was lower for TEVAR by -5.17 days (95% CI, -7.77 to -2.57) and -5.89 days (95% CI, -9.65 to -2.12), respectively. Three studies showed that compared with open repair, a hybrid approach reduced hospital stay (pooled mean difference, -8.83 days; 95% CI, -14.37 to -3.29) and ICU stay (pooled mean difference, -3.17 days (95% CI, -5.54 to -0.97), with minimal evidence on other outcomes studied. CONCLUSIONS: Observational evidence at high risk of confounding suggests that compared with open repair for TAA, TEVAR reduced risk of mortality, paraplegia, spinal cord ischemia, and pulmonary complications within 30 days of intervention. Patients undergoing TEVAR also had shorter length of hospital and ICU stay compared with patients undergoing open repair.
OBJECTIVE: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) and open repair in patients with descending thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAAs). METHODS: PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, EBSCO Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and Scopus were searched from each database's inception to January 29, 2016. We selected studies that compared the two approaches in adults with TAAs and reported 30-day mortality or procedure complications. Two reviewers independently extracted data, and conflicts were resolved by consensus. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The main outcomes and measures were all-cause 30-day mortality, 30-day paraplegia or spinal cord ischemia, stroke, pulmonary complications, and length of hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) stay. RESULTS: Twenty-seven studies of moderate methodologic quality were included. TEVAR was associated with lower 30-day mortality in ruptured (OR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.38-0.88) and intact (OR, 0.6; 95% CI, 0.36-0.99) aneurysms. Paraplegia or spinal cord ischemia (OR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.2-0.61) and pulmonary complications (OR, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.37-0.46) were reduced in patients undergoing TEVAR, whereas a reduction in stroke risk was not statistically significant (OR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.76-1.03). Pooled mean difference in length of hospital and ICU stay was lower for TEVAR by -5.17 days (95% CI, -7.77 to -2.57) and -5.89 days (95% CI, -9.65 to -2.12), respectively. Three studies showed that compared with open repair, a hybrid approach reduced hospital stay (pooled mean difference, -8.83 days; 95% CI, -14.37 to -3.29) and ICU stay (pooled mean difference, -3.17 days (95% CI, -5.54 to -0.97), with minimal evidence on other outcomes studied. CONCLUSIONS: Observational evidence at high risk of confounding suggests that compared with open repair for TAA, TEVAR reduced risk of mortality, paraplegia, spinal cord ischemia, and pulmonary complications within 30 days of intervention. Patients undergoing TEVAR also had shorter length of hospital and ICU stay compared with patients undergoing open repair.
Authors: Andrew McCarthy; Joanne Gray; Priya Sastry; Linda Sharples; Luke Vale; Andrew Cook; Peter Mcmeekin; Carol Freeman; Pedro Catarino; Stephen Large Journal: BMJ Open Date: 2021-03-04 Impact factor: 2.692