Lisette A 't Hoen1, Jan Groen2, Jeroen R Scheepe2, Sarah Reuvers2, David Castro Diaz3, Bárbara Padilla Fernández3, Giulio Del Popolo4, Stefania Musco4, Rizwan Hamid5, Hazel Ecclestone5, Gilles Karsenty6, Veronique Phé7, Romain Boissier6, Thomas M Kessler8, Tobias Gross9, Marc P Schneider8, Jürgen Pannek10, Bertil F M Blok2. 1. Department of Urology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Electronic address: l.thoen@erasmusmc.nl. 2. Department of Urology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. 3. Department of Urology, University Hospital of the Canary Islands, Tenerife, Spain. 4. Department of Neuro-Urology, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy. 5. Department of Neuro-Urology, London Spinal Injuries Centre, Stanmore, England. 6. Department of Urology, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France. 7. Department of Uro-Neurology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery and UCL Institute of Neurology, London, England. 8. Neuro-Urology, Spinal Cord Injury Center and Research, University of Zürich, Balgrist University Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland. 9. Department of Urology, University of Bern, , Bern, Switzerland. 10. Neuro-Urology, Swiss Paraplegic Center, Nottwil, Switzerland.
Abstract
CONTEXT: Impaired sexual function has a significant effect on quality of life. Various patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are available to evaluate sexual function. The quality of the PROMs to be used for neurologic patients remains unknown. OBJECTIVE: To systematically review which validated PROMs are available to evaluate sexual function in neurologic patients and to critically assess the quality of the validation studies and measurement properties for each identified PROM. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: A systematic review was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis statement. The included publications were assessed according to the Consensus-Based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments checklist. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: Twenty-one studies for PROMs regarding sexual function were identified for the following patient groups: spinal cord injury (11 studies), multiple sclerosis (MS; 6 studies), Parkinson's disease (2 studies), traumatic brain injury (1 study), and epilepsy (1 study). The evidence for the quality of PROMs was found to be variable, and overall evaluation of measurement properties was lacking in 71% of the studies. The measurement error and responsiveness were not studied in any of the publications. CONCLUSIONS: Several PROMs have been identified to evaluate sexual function in neurologic patients. Strong evidence was found only for the Multiple Sclerosis Intimacy and Sexuality Questionnaire-15 and Multiple Sclerosis Intimacy and Sexuality Questionnaire-19 for patients with MS, although evidence was lacking for certain measurement properties as well. Future research should focus on identifying relevant PROMs and establishing adequate quality for all measurement properties in studies with high methodological quality. PATIENT SUMMARY: A quality assessment of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) for sexual function in neurologic patients was made. The evidence found for good PROMs was limited. Studies with high methodological quality are needed to improve the quality of PROMs to evaluate sexual function in neurologic patients.
CONTEXT: Impaired sexual function has a significant effect on quality of life. Various patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are available to evaluate sexual function. The quality of the PROMs to be used for neurologicpatients remains unknown. OBJECTIVE: To systematically review which validated PROMs are available to evaluate sexual function in neurologicpatients and to critically assess the quality of the validation studies and measurement properties for each identified PROM. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: A systematic review was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis statement. The included publications were assessed according to the Consensus-Based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments checklist. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: Twenty-one studies for PROMs regarding sexual function were identified for the following patient groups: spinal cord injury (11 studies), multiple sclerosis (MS; 6 studies), Parkinson's disease (2 studies), traumatic brain injury (1 study), and epilepsy (1 study). The evidence for the quality of PROMs was found to be variable, and overall evaluation of measurement properties was lacking in 71% of the studies. The measurement error and responsiveness were not studied in any of the publications. CONCLUSIONS: Several PROMs have been identified to evaluate sexual function in neurologicpatients. Strong evidence was found only for the Multiple Sclerosis Intimacy and Sexuality Questionnaire-15 and Multiple Sclerosis Intimacy and Sexuality Questionnaire-19 for patients with MS, although evidence was lacking for certain measurement properties as well. Future research should focus on identifying relevant PROMs and establishing adequate quality for all measurement properties in studies with high methodological quality. PATIENT SUMMARY: A quality assessment of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) for sexual function in neurologicpatients was made. The evidence found for good PROMs was limited. Studies with high methodological quality are needed to improve the quality of PROMs to evaluate sexual function in neurologicpatients.