Erin E Masterson1, Annette L Fitzpatrick2, Daniel A Enquobahrie2, Lloyd A Mancl1, Esther Conde3, Philippe P Hujoel1. 1. School of Dentistry, Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, DC, 98119. 2. School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washinton, DC, 98195. 3. Centro Boliviano de Investigación y Desarollo Socio-Integral, Correo Central, San Borja, Beni, Bolivia.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: We investigated the relationship between early childhood malnutrition-related measures and subsequent enamel defects in the permanent dentition. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cohort study included 349 Amerindian adolescents (10-17 years, 52% male) from the Bolivian Amazon. Exposures included: stunted growth (height-for-age z-scores), underweight (weight-for-age z-scores), anemia (hemoglobin), acute inflammation (C-reactive protein) and parasitic infection (hookworm). We measured the occurrence (no/yes) and extent (<1/3, 1/3-2/3, >2/3) of enamel defects. We estimated associations between childhood exposures and enamel defect measures using log-binomial and multinomial logistic regression. RESULTS: The prevalence of an enamel defect characterized by an orange peel texture on a large central depression on the labial surface of the central maxillary incisors was 92.3%. During childhood (1-4 years), participants had a high prevalence of stunted growth (75.2%), anemia (56.9%), acute inflammation (39.1%), and hookworm infection (49.6%). We observed associations between childhood height-for-age (OR = 0.65; P = 0.028 for >2/3 extent vs. no EH) and gastrointestinal hookworm infection (OR = 3.43; P = 0.035 for >2/3 extent vs. no defects or <1/3 extent) with enamel defects. DISCUSSION: The study describes a possibly novel form of enamel hypoplasia and provides evidence for associations of malnutrition-related measures in early childhood, including stunted growth and parasitic helminth infection, with the observed enamel defects.
OBJECTIVES: We investigated the relationship between early childhood malnutrition-related measures and subsequent enamel defects in the permanent dentition. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cohort study included 349 Amerindian adolescents (10-17 years, 52% male) from the Bolivian Amazon. Exposures included: stunted growth (height-for-age z-scores), underweight (weight-for-age z-scores), anemia (hemoglobin), acute inflammation (C-reactive protein) and parasitic infection (hookworm). We measured the occurrence (no/yes) and extent (<1/3, 1/3-2/3, >2/3) of enamel defects. We estimated associations between childhood exposures and enamel defect measures using log-binomial and multinomial logistic regression. RESULTS: The prevalence of an enamel defect characterized by an orange peel texture on a large central depression on the labial surface of the central maxillary incisors was 92.3%. During childhood (1-4 years), participants had a high prevalence of stunted growth (75.2%), anemia (56.9%), acute inflammation (39.1%), and hookworm infection (49.6%). We observed associations between childhood height-for-age (OR = 0.65; P = 0.028 for >2/3 extent vs. no EH) and gastrointestinal hookworm infection (OR = 3.43; P = 0.035 for >2/3 extent vs. no defects or <1/3 extent) with enamel defects. DISCUSSION: The study describes a possibly novel form of enamel hypoplasia and provides evidence for associations of malnutrition-related measures in early childhood, including stunted growth and parasitic helminth infection, with the observed enamel defects.
Authors: William R Leonard; Victoria Reyes-García; Susan Tanner; Asher Rosinger; Alan Schultz; Vincent Vadez; Rebecca Zhang; Ricardo Godoy Journal: Econ Hum Biol Date: 2015-08-02 Impact factor: 2.184
Authors: Erin E Masterson; Annette L Fitzpatrick; Daniel A Enquobahrie; Lloyd A Mancl; Dan T A Eisenberg; Esther Conde; Philippe P Hujoel Journal: Am J Hum Biol Date: 2018-02-05 Impact factor: 1.937
Authors: Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan; Maha El Tantawi; Ayodeji Babatunde Oginni; Michael Alade; Abiola Adeniyi; Tracy L Finlayson Journal: PLoS One Date: 2020-07-01 Impact factor: 3.240