Cindy-Lee Dennis1,2,3, Hilary K Brown2,4,5,6, Susitha Wanigaratne3, Kenneth Fung2, Simone N Vigod2,6, Sophie Grigoriadis2,7, Flavia Marini1, Sarah Brennenstuhl1. 1. 1 Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario. 2. 2 Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario. 3. 3 Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario. 4. 4 Department of Anthropology (Health Studies Program), University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario. 5. 5 Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario. 6. 6 Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ontario. 7. 7 Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Our objectives were to examine the prevalence and incidence of postpartum depressive, anxiety, and comorbid symptoms over the first postpartum year; the persistence of these symptoms; and the prevalence stratified by immigration status. METHOD: We conducted a longitudinal cohort study in Ontario, Canada. Participants were 571 Chinese recent immigrant, nonrecent immigrant, and Canadian-born women with live births in 2011 to 2014. Participants were assessed at 4, 12, and 52 weeks postpartum for the presence of possible and high depressive symptomatology (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale [EPDS] >9 and >12, respectively), anxiety symptomatology (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory [STAI] >40), and comorbid symptomatology (EPDS >9 and STAI >40). Prevalence and incidence with 95% confidence intervals were calculated. RESULTS: Prevalence rates were highest at 4 weeks and decreased across time, with possible depressive symptomatology most prevalent at most time points. Incidence rates at 12 and 52 weeks were generally similar. Of those with possible symptomatology at 4 weeks, 42.0% or less continued to have symptomatology at 12 weeks and 17.4% or less at 52 weeks. There were no differences in prevalence of any type of symptomatology between immigrant and Canadian-born Chinese women at 4 weeks, but at 12 and 52 weeks, most types of symptomatology were more common among recent and nonrecent immigrants. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that Chinese immigrant women are a high-risk group for postpartum depressive and anxiety symptomatology. Future research should identify cultural and psychosocial factors associated with immigration that could be addressed in the system of care for postpartum immigrant women.
OBJECTIVE: Our objectives were to examine the prevalence and incidence of postpartum depressive, anxiety, and comorbid symptoms over the first postpartum year; the persistence of these symptoms; and the prevalence stratified by immigration status. METHOD: We conducted a longitudinal cohort study in Ontario, Canada. Participants were 571 Chinese recent immigrant, nonrecent immigrant, and Canadian-born women with live births in 2011 to 2014. Participants were assessed at 4, 12, and 52 weeks postpartum for the presence of possible and high depressive symptomatology (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale [EPDS] >9 and >12, respectively), anxiety symptomatology (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory [STAI] >40), and comorbid symptomatology (EPDS >9 and STAI >40). Prevalence and incidence with 95% confidence intervals were calculated. RESULTS: Prevalence rates were highest at 4 weeks and decreased across time, with possible depressive symptomatology most prevalent at most time points. Incidence rates at 12 and 52 weeks were generally similar. Of those with possible symptomatology at 4 weeks, 42.0% or less continued to have symptomatology at 12 weeks and 17.4% or less at 52 weeks. There were no differences in prevalence of any type of symptomatology between immigrant and Canadian-born Chinese women at 4 weeks, but at 12 and 52 weeks, most types of symptomatology were more common among recent and nonrecent immigrants. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that Chinese immigrant women are a high-risk group for postpartum depressive and anxiety symptomatology. Future research should identify cultural and psychosocial factors associated with immigration that could be addressed in the system of care for postpartum immigrant women.
Authors: C Reck; K Struben; M Backenstrass; U Stefenelli; K Reinig; T Fuchs; C Sohn; C Mundt Journal: Acta Psychiatr Scand Date: 2008-10-06 Impact factor: 6.392
Authors: Anita J Gagnon; Geoffrey Dougherty; Olive Wahoush; Jean-François Saucier; Cindy-Lee Dennis; Elizabeth Stanger; Becky Palmer; Lisa Merry; Donna E Stewart Journal: Soc Sci Med Date: 2012-11-12 Impact factor: 4.634