Julie G Kosteniuk1, Norma J Stewart2, Chandima P Karunanayake3, Erin C Wilson4, Kelly L Penz5, Judith C Kulig6, Kelley Kilpatrick7, Ruth Martin-Misener8, Debra G Morgan9, Martha L P MacLeod10. 1. 1Professional Research Associate, Canadian Centre for Health and Safety in Agriculture,College of Medicine,University of Saskatchewan,Saskatoon,Saskatchewan,Canada. 2. 2Professor of Nursing,College of Nursing,University of Saskatchewan,Saskatoon,Saskatchewan,Canada. 3. 3Professional Research Associate,Canadian Centre for Health and Safety in Agriculture,University of Saskatchewan,Saskatoon,Saskatchewan,Canada. 4. 4Assistant Professor,School of Nursing,University of Northern British Columbia,Prince George,British Columbia,Canada. 5. 5Assistant Professor,College of Nursing,University of Saskatchewan,Regina Campus,Regina,Saskatchewan,Canada. 6. 6Professor Emerita, Faculty of Health Sciences,University of Lethbridge,Lethbridge,Alberta,Canada. 7. 7Associate Professor, Faculty of Nursing,Université de Montréal and CIUSSS EIM-Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital site,Montréal,Québec,Canada. 8. 8Professor,School of Nursing,Dalhousie University,Halifax,Nova Scotia,Canada. 9. 9Professor,Canadian Centre for Health and Safety in Agriculture,College of Medicine,University of Saskatchewan,Saskatoon,Saskatchewan,Canada. 10. 10Professor and Knowledge Mobilization Research Chair,School of Nursing,University of Northern British Columbia,Prince George,British Columbia,Canada.
Abstract
Aim The study purpose was to provide evidence of validity for the Primary Health Care Engagement (PHCE) Scale, based on exploratory factor analysis and reliability findings from a large national survey of regulated nurses residing and working in rural and remote Canadian communities. BACKGROUND: There are currently no published provider-level instruments to adequately assess delivery of community-based primary health care, relevant to ongoing primary health care (PHC) reform strategies across Canada and elsewhere. The PHCE Scale reflects a contemporary approach that emphasizes community-oriented and community-based elements of PHC delivery. METHODS: Data from the pan-Canadian Nursing Practice in Rural and Remote Canada II (RRNII) survey were used to conduct an exploratory factor analysis and evaluate the internal consistency reliability of the final PHCE Scale. Findings The RRNII survey sample included 1587 registered nurses, nurse practitioners, licensed practical nurses, and registered psychiatric nurses residing and working in rural and remote Canada. Exploratory factor analysis identified an eight-factor structure across 28 items overall, and good internal consistency reliability was indicated by an α estimate of 0.89 for the final scale. The final 28-item PHCE Scale includes three of four elements in a contemporary approach to PHC (accessibility/availability, community participation, and intersectoral team) and most community-oriented/based elements of PHC (interdisciplinary collaboration, person-centred, continuity, population orientation, and quality improvement). We recommend additional psychometric testing in a range of health care providers and settings, as the PHCE Scale shows promise as a tool for health care planners and researchers to test interventions and track progress in primary health care reform.
Aim The study purpose was to provide evidence of validity for the Primary Health Care Engagement (PHCE) Scale, based on exploratory factor analysis and reliability findings from a large national survey of regulated nurses residing and working in rural and remote Canadian communities. BACKGROUND: There are currently no published provider-level instruments to adequately assess delivery of community-based primary health care, relevant to ongoing primary health care (PHC) reform strategies across Canada and elsewhere. The PHCE Scale reflects a contemporary approach that emphasizes community-oriented and community-based elements of PHC delivery. METHODS: Data from the pan-Canadian Nursing Practice in Rural and Remote Canada II (RRNII) survey were used to conduct an exploratory factor analysis and evaluate the internal consistency reliability of the final PHCE Scale. Findings The RRNII survey sample included 1587 registered nurses, nurse practitioners, licensed practical nurses, and registered psychiatric nurses residing and working in rural and remote Canada. Exploratory factor analysis identified an eight-factor structure across 28 items overall, and good internal consistency reliability was indicated by an α estimate of 0.89 for the final scale. The final 28-item PHCE Scale includes three of four elements in a contemporary approach to PHC (accessibility/availability, community participation, and intersectoral team) and most community-oriented/based elements of PHC (interdisciplinary collaboration, person-centred, continuity, population orientation, and quality improvement). We recommend additional psychometric testing in a range of health care providers and settings, as the PHCE Scale shows promise as a tool for health care planners and researchers to test interventions and track progress in primary health care reform.
Authors: Kelly L Penz; Julie G Kosteniuk; Norma J Stewart; Martha L P MacLeod; Judith C Kulig; Chandima P Karunanayake; Kelley Kilpatrick Journal: Nurs Open Date: 2018-11-13
Authors: Ruth Martin-Misener; Martha L P Macleod; Erin C Wilson; Julie G Kosteniuk; Kelly L Penz; Norma J Stewart; Janna Olynick; Chandima P Karunanayake Journal: Healthc Policy Date: 2020-02