Sara Lodi1, Dominique Costagliola, Caroline Sabin, Julia Del Amo, Roger Logan, Sophie Abgrall, Peter Reiss, Ard van Sighem, Sophie Jose, Jose-Ramon Blanco, Victoria Hernando, Heiner C Bucher, Helen Kovari, Ferran Segura, Juan Ambrosioni, Charalambos A Gogos, Nikos Pantazis, Francois Dabis, Marie-Anne Vandenhende, Laurence Meyer, Rémonie Seng, M John Gill, Hartmut Krentz, Andrew N Phillips, Kholoud Porter, Beatriz Grinsztejn, Antonio G Pacheco, Roberto Muga, Janet Tate, Amy Justice, Miguel A Hernán. 1. 1Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; 2Sorbonne Universités, INSERM, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Institut Pierre Louis d'épidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP UMRS 1136), Paris, France; 3Institute of Global Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom; 4Centro Nacional de Epidemiologia, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; 5CIBERESP, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; 6AP-HP, Hôpital Antoine Béclère, Service de Médecine Interne, Clamart, France; 7Stichting HIV Monitoring, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; 8Academic Medical Centre, Department of Global Health and Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; 9Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; 10Hospital San Pedro-CIBIR, Logroño, Spain; 11Basel Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; 12Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; 13Infectious Disease Department, Hospital Parc Tauli, Sabadell, Spain; 14Hospital Clinic-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain; 15Division of Infectious Diseases, Patras University Hospital, Patras, Greece; 16Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Faculty of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; 17Université de Bordeaux, ISPED, Centre INSERM U1219-Epidemiologie-Biostatistique, Bordeaux, France; 18Centre INSERM U1219- Centre Inserm Epidémiologie et Biostatistique, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; 19Department of Internal Medicine, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France; 20Université Paris Sud, UMR 1018, le Kremlin Bicêtre, Paris, France; 21Inserm, UMR 1018, le Kremlin Bicêtre, Paris, France; 22AP-HP, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Service de Santé Publique, le Kremlin Bicêtre, Paris, France; 23Southern Alberta Clinic, Calgary, AB, Canada; 24Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; 25Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil; 26Programa de Computação Científica, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil; 27Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain; 28Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven; 29VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT; 30Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston; and 31Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Boston, MA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Clinical guidelines recommend immediate initiation of combined antiretroviral therapy for all HIV-positive individuals. However, those guidelines are based on trials of relatively young participants. METHODS: We included HIV-positive antiretroviral therapy-naive, AIDS-free individuals aged 50-70 years after 2004 in the HIV-CAUSAL Collaboration. We used the parametric g-formula to estimate the 5-year risk of all-cause and non-AIDS mortality under (1) immediate initiation at baseline and initiation at CD4 count, (2) <500 cells/mm, and (3) <350 cells/mm. Results were presented separately for the general HIV population and for a US Veterans cohort with high mortality. RESULTS: The study included 9596 individuals (28% US Veterans) with median (interquantile range) age of 55 (52-60) years and CD4 count of 336 (182-513) at baseline. The 5-year risk of all-cause mortality was 0.40% (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.10 to 0.71) lower for the general HIV population and 1.61% (95% CI: 0.79 to 2.67) lower for US Veterans when comparing immediate initiation vs initiation at CD4 <350 cells/mm. The 5-year risk of non-AIDS mortality was 0.17% (95% CI: -0.07 to 0.43) lower for the general HIV population and 1% (95% CI: 0.31 to 2.00) lower for US Veterans when comparing immediate initiation vs initiation at CD4 <350 cells/mm. CONCLUSIONS: Immediate initiation seems to reduce all-cause and non-AIDS mortality in patients aged 50-70 years.
BACKGROUND: Clinical guidelines recommend immediate initiation of combined antiretroviral therapy for all HIV-positive individuals. However, those guidelines are based on trials of relatively young participants. METHODS: We included HIV-positive antiretroviral therapy-naive, AIDS-free individuals aged 50-70 years after 2004 in the HIV-CAUSAL Collaboration. We used the parametric g-formula to estimate the 5-year risk of all-cause and non-AIDS mortality under (1) immediate initiation at baseline and initiation at CD4 count, (2) <500 cells/mm, and (3) <350 cells/mm. Results were presented separately for the general HIV population and for a US Veterans cohort with high mortality. RESULTS: The study included 9596 individuals (28% US Veterans) with median (interquantile range) age of 55 (52-60) years and CD4 count of 336 (182-513) at baseline. The 5-year risk of all-cause mortality was 0.40% (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.10 to 0.71) lower for the general HIV population and 1.61% (95% CI: 0.79 to 2.67) lower for US Veterans when comparing immediate initiation vs initiation at CD4 <350 cells/mm. The 5-year risk of non-AIDS mortality was 0.17% (95% CI: -0.07 to 0.43) lower for the general HIV population and 1% (95% CI: 0.31 to 2.00) lower for US Veterans when comparing immediate initiation vs initiation at CD4 <350 cells/mm. CONCLUSIONS: Immediate initiation seems to reduce all-cause and non-AIDS mortality in patients aged 50-70 years.
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Authors: Ellen C Caniglia; James M Robins; Lauren E Cain; Caroline Sabin; Roger Logan; Sophie Abgrall; Michael J Mugavero; Sonia Hernández-Díaz; Laurence Meyer; Remonie Seng; Daniel R Drozd; George R Seage Iii; Fabrice Bonnet; Fabien Le Marec; Richard D Moore; Peter Reiss; Ard van Sighem; William C Mathews; Inma Jarrín; Belén Alejos; Steven G Deeks; Roberto Muga; Stephen L Boswell; Elena Ferrer; Joseph J Eron; John Gill; Antonio Pacheco; Beatriz Grinsztejn; Sonia Napravnik; Sophie Jose; Andrew Phillips; Amy Justice; Janet Tate; Heiner C Bucher; Matthias Egger; Hansjakob Furrer; Jose M Miro; Jordi Casabona; Kholoud Porter; Giota Touloumi; Heidi Crane; Dominique Costagliola; Michael Saag; Miguel A Hernán Journal: Stat Med Date: 2019-03-18 Impact factor: 2.373