Synergism of Electrospun Nanofibers and Pulsed Electromagnetic Field on Osteogenic Differentiation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells.

According to the current therapies failure for bone fractures and lesions, tissue engineering showed a great potential to help solve these challenges. Because the use of growth factors is very limited in the clinic, it could be very useful that could be introducing an alternative to it. Extremely low frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF, 1 mT, 50 Hz) were used for achieving this aim. The PEMF potential in combination with electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibers was used to investigate the osteogenic potential of human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Several relevant osteogenic markers, such as Alizarin red staining, alkaline phosphatase activity, calcium content, gene expression, and immunocytochemistry, were used to evaluate osteoinductivity of PEMF. Results were shown that PEMF alone can induce osteogenic differentiation, but this capability increased when used in combination with PCL nanofibers significantly. In addition, simultaneous use of osteogenic medium, PEMF and PCL surprisingly increased osteogenic differentiation potential of iPSCs. According to the results, PEMF alone, iPSCs-seeded PCL, and both of them could be considered as a promising candidate for use in bone tissue engineering applications.