Iris Zavoreo1, Vanja Vučićević1, Dijana Zadravec2, Vanja Bašić1, Dubravka Ciliga3, Dragana Gabrić4. 1. Department of Neurology, University Hospital Center, Sisters of Mercy, Zagreb, Croatia. 2. Department of Radiology, University Hospital Center, Sisters of Mercy, Zagreb, Croatia. 3. Department of General and Applied Kinesiology, Faculty of Kinesiology, Zagreb, Croatia. 4. Department of Oral Surgery, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, University Dental Clinic, University Hospital Center, Croatia.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a chronic disorder which is affecting mostly postmenopausal women and is characterized by burning symptoms in the oral cavity on the clinically healthy oral mucosa. Also, the results of previous studies suggested a possible role of peripheral and/or central neurological disturbances in these patients. The aim of this study was to analyze patients with burning mouth syndrome using transcranial sonography. METHODS: By use of transcranial sonography of the brain parenchyma, substantia nigra, midbrain raphe and brain nucleus were evaluated in 20 patients with BMS (64.7±12.3 years) and 20 controls with chronic pain in the lumbosacral region (61.5±15). Statistical analysis was performed by use of Student t test with significance set at p<0.05. RESULTS: The results of this study have shown hypoechogenicity of the substantia nigra and midbrain raphe as well as hyperechogenicity of the brain nucleus in BMS patients (p<0,05) as compared to controls. CONCLUSIONS: Altered transcranial sonography findings of the brain parenchyma, midbrain raphe and brain nucleus in patients with burning mouth syndrome might reflect central disturbances within this syndrome. KEY WORDS: Burning Mouth Syndrome; Transcranial Sonography; substantia nigra; Midbrain Raphe Nuclei; Red Nucleus.
OBJECTIVE: Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a chronic disorder which is affecting mostly postmenopausal women and is characterized by burning symptoms in the oral cavity on the clinically healthy oral mucosa. Also, the results of previous studies suggested a possible role of peripheral and/or central neurological disturbances in these patients. The aim of this study was to analyze patients with burning mouth syndrome using transcranial sonography. METHODS: By use of transcranial sonography of the brain parenchyma, substantia nigra, midbrain raphe and brain nucleus were evaluated in 20 patients with BMS (64.7±12.3 years) and 20 controls with chronic pain in the lumbosacral region (61.5±15). Statistical analysis was performed by use of Student t test with significance set at p<0.05. RESULTS: The results of this study have shown hypoechogenicity of the substantia nigra and midbrain raphe as well as hyperechogenicity of the brain nucleus in BMS patients (p<0,05) as compared to controls. CONCLUSIONS: Altered transcranial sonography findings of the brain parenchyma, midbrain raphe and brain nucleus in patients with burning mouth syndrome might reflect central disturbances within this syndrome. KEY WORDS: Burning Mouth Syndrome; Transcranial Sonography; substantia nigra; Midbrain Raphe Nuclei; Red Nucleus.
Authors: A Puhakka; H Forssell; S Soinila; A Virtanen; M Röyttä; M Laine; O Tenovuo; T Teerijoki-Oksa; S K Jääskeläinen Journal: Oral Dis Date: 2016-02-26 Impact factor: 3.511