Fang Tian1, Yun Wang2, Zhe Xiao2, Xuejun Zhu3. 1. State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China;Dpartment of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China. 2. State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China. 3. Dpartment of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: It has been proven that the circular RNA, possessing a stable covalently closed continuous loop, is a type of RNA molecule which is expressed widespread in mammals. The circular RNA circHIPK3 is abundantly expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and promotes tumourgenesis. However, a role for circHIPK3 has not been systematically examined in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this study, we investigated whether circHIPK3 has an effect on cell proliferation in the NSCLC cell lines NCI-H1299 and NCI-H2170 and the underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS: The expression of circHIPK3 was measured by real-time PCR in NSCLC cell lines. Nuclear mass separation experiment was used to detect the location of circHIPK3 in cells. The gain and loss function experiments were used to examine the proliferation of NCI-H1299 and NCI-H2170 cells by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and the colony formation assays. Then, circHIPK3 was cloned into the downstream of the luciferase reporter gene which activity was detected to verify whether miR-379 could bind with circHIPK3 or IGF1 mRNA. The protein level of IGF1 was detected by Western blot and ELISA in circHIPK3 overexpressed/knock-down NCI-H1299 and NCI-H2170 cells. RESULTS: CircHIPK3 was generally expressed in six kinds of NSCLC cells lines we detected, and the expression level was highest in H2170 and lowest in H1299. Overexpression of circHIPK3 obviously promoted NCI-H1299 cell proliferation and knock-down of circHIPK3 inhibited NCI-H2170 cell proliferation. In the luciferase assay, miR-379 was observed to sequester circHIPK3 and IGF1 mRNA with potential binding sites. Furthermore, we found that the overexpression of circHIPK3 could increase the expression levels of IGF1 and knock-down reduced it. Moreover, up-regulation of miR-379 rescued the phenotype induced by overexpression of circHIPK3. CONCLUSIONS: CircHIPK3 could promote cell proliferation by a circHIPK3/miR-379 pathway in NCI-H1299 and NCI-H2170 cells and might be a potential tumor biomarker for NSCLC. .
BACKGROUND: It has been proven that the circular RNA, possessing a stable covalently closed continuous loop, is a type of RNA molecule which is expressed widespread in mammals. The circular RNA circHIPK3 is abundantly expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and promotes tumourgenesis. However, a role for circHIPK3 has not been systematically examined in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this study, we investigated whether circHIPK3 has an effect on cell proliferation in the NSCLC cell lines NCI-H1299 and NCI-H2170 and the underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS: The expression of circHIPK3 was measured by real-time PCR in NSCLC cell lines. Nuclear mass separation experiment was used to detect the location of circHIPK3 in cells. The gain and loss function experiments were used to examine the proliferation of NCI-H1299 and NCI-H2170 cells by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and the colony formation assays. Then, circHIPK3 was cloned into the downstream of the luciferase reporter gene which activity was detected to verify whether miR-379 could bind with circHIPK3 or IGF1 mRNA. The protein level of IGF1 was detected by Western blot and ELISA in circHIPK3 overexpressed/knock-down NCI-H1299 and NCI-H2170 cells. RESULTS: CircHIPK3 was generally expressed in six kinds of NSCLC cells lines we detected, and the expression level was highest in H2170 and lowest in H1299. Overexpression of circHIPK3 obviously promoted NCI-H1299 cell proliferation and knock-down of circHIPK3 inhibited NCI-H2170 cell proliferation. In the luciferase assay, miR-379 was observed to sequester circHIPK3 and IGF1 mRNA with potential binding sites. Furthermore, we found that the overexpression of circHIPK3 could increase the expression levels of IGF1 and knock-down reduced it. Moreover, up-regulation of miR-379 rescued the phenotype induced by overexpression of circHIPK3. CONCLUSIONS: CircHIPK3 could promote cell proliferation by a circHIPK3/miR-379 pathway in NCI-H1299 and NCI-H2170 cells and might be a potential tumor biomarker for NSCLC. .
Identification of circHIPK3 in NSCLC cell lines. A: CircHIPK3 sequence about 100 bp around back splied junction was analyzed by PCR, and the white rectangle indicated DNA bands; B: Schematic diagram of circular point. Red arrows represented divergent primers, and vertical short black line indicated circular point; C: The levels of circHIPK3 and mHIPK3 were analyzed after RNase R digestion; D: Expression of circHIPK3 in both nuclear and cytoplasmic fractions were measured by qRT-PCR. **: compared with the control, P < 0.01.
CircHIPK3在NSCLC细胞系中的鉴定。A:分别以基因组DNA和cDNA为模板,PCR扩增circHIPK3成环位点附近100 bp序列,白色矩形框表示目的条带区域;B:circHIPK3成环示意图及测序结果,红色箭头表示divergent primers,竖短黑线示意成环位点;C:RNase R消化后的mHIPK3和circHIPK3的丰度检测;D:circHIPK3在细胞核中与细胞质中的含量比较。**:与对照组相比,P<0.01。Identification of circHIPK3 in NSCLC cell lines. A: CircHIPK3 sequence about 100 bp around back splied junction was analyzed by PCR, and the white rectangle indicated DNA bands; B: Schematic diagram of circular point. Red arrows represented divergent primers, and vertical short black line indicated circular point; C: The levels of circHIPK3 and mHIPK3 were analyzed after RNase R digestion; D: Expression of circHIPK3 in both nuclear and cytoplasmic fractions were measured by qRT-PCR. **: compared with the control, P < 0.01.
Overexpression of circHIPK3 promoted NCI-H1299 cells proliferation. A: The expression level of circHIPK3 in 6 kinds of NSCLC cell lines; B: The green fluorescent protein (GFP) indicated the successful and stable establishment of pLDCH/p-circHIPK3 NCI-H1299 cell line; C: Detection of circHIPK3 and mHIPK3 expression levels in NCI-H1299; D: The cell growth rate was measured by CCK-8 assay; E: Cell proliferation was assessed by colony formation assay; F: Statistics analysis of colony formation assay; **: compared with the control, P < 0.01.
过量表达circHIPK3促进NCI-H1299细胞增殖。A:circHIPK3在6株NSCLC细胞系中的表达量;B:稳定转染对照空质粒pLDCH和circHIPK后,NCI-H1299细胞表达载体携带的绿色荧光蛋白标记;C:过表达circHIPK后,细胞中circHIPK3及mHIPK3表达水平检测;D:CCK-8试验检测细胞增殖;E:平板克隆形成实验检测细胞增殖;F:克隆形成数目统计;**:与对照组相比,P<0.01。Overexpression of circHIPK3 promoted NCI-H1299 cells proliferation. A: The expression level of circHIPK3 in 6 kinds of NSCLC cell lines; B: The green fluorescent protein (GFP) indicated the successful and stable establishment of pLDCH/p-circHIPK3 NCI-H1299 cell line; C: Detection of circHIPK3 and mHIPK3 expression levels in NCI-H1299; D: The cell growth rate was measured by CCK-8 assay; E: Cell proliferation was assessed by colony formation assay; F: Statistics analysis of colony formation assay; **: compared with the control, P < 0.01.
Silencing circHIPK3 inhibited NCI-H2170 cell proliferation. A: The knock-down efficiency of cirHIPK3 siRNAs; B: Cell proliferation was evaluated by CCK-8 assay; C: Cell proliferation was detected by colony formation assay; D: Statistics of colony formation assay; **:compared with the control, P < 0.01.
沉默circHIPK3抑制NCI-H2170细胞系的增殖。A:cirHIPK3 siRNA敲降效果检测;B:CCK-8实验检测circHIPK3沉默后对细胞增殖的影响;C:平板克隆形成实验检测circHIPK3沉默后对细胞增殖的影响;D:克隆形成数目统计;**:与对照组相比,P<0.01。Silencing circHIPK3 inhibited NCI-H2170 cell proliferation. A: The knock-down efficiency of cirHIPK3 siRNAs; B: Cell proliferation was evaluated by CCK-8 assay; C: Cell proliferation was detected by colony formation assay; D: Statistics of colony formation assay; **:compared with the control, P < 0.01.
CircHIPK3 could sequester miR-379. A: Luciferase relative activity of miR-379 in EV, circ, si-circ, mut-circ, miR-in and IC treated 293T cells; B: Luciferase relative activity of miR-379 in EV, circ, si-circ, mut-circ, miR-in and IC treated NCI-H1299 cells; C: Luciferase relative activity of miR-379 with IGF1 3'UTR in 293T cells; D: Luciferase relative activity of miR-379 with IGF1 3'UTR in NCI-H1299 cells. *: compared with the control, P < 0.05. **: compared with the control, P < 0.01.
CircHIPK3作为“海绵体”吸附miR-379。A:荧光素酶报告基因实验检测miR-379分别和载体对照组EV、circHIPK3过表达组(circ)、circHIPK3敲低组(si-circ)、突变质粒Luc-circHIPK3组(mut-circ)、miR-inhibitor组(miR-in)及Inhibitor control组(IC)共转入293T细胞中的荧光素酶的相对荧光强度;B:荧光素酶报告基因实验检测miR-379分别和EV、circ、si-circ、mut-circ、miR-in及IC共转入NCI-H1299细胞中的荧光素酶的相对荧光强度;C:转入miR-379 mimics和IGF1 3’UTR后,293T细胞中荧光素酶的相对荧光强度检测;D:转入miR-379 mimics和IGF1 3’UTR后,NCI-H1299细胞中的荧光素酶相对荧光强度。*:与对照组相比,P<0.05。**:与对照组相比,P<0.01。CircHIPK3 could sequester miR-379. A: Luciferase relative activity of miR-379 in EV, circ, si-circ, mut-circ, miR-in and IC treated 293T cells; B: Luciferase relative activity of miR-379 in EV, circ, si-circ, mut-circ, miR-in and IC treated NCI-H1299 cells; C: Luciferase relative activity of miR-379 with IGF1 3'UTR in 293T cells; D: Luciferase relative activity of miR-379 with IGF1 3'UTR in NCI-H1299 cells. *: compared with the control, P < 0.05. **: compared with the control, P < 0.01.
CircHIPK3 promoted NSCLC cell proliferation through circHIPK3/miR-379 pathway. A: The effects of miR-379 mimics on the expression levels of IGF1 in NCI-H1299; B: The effects of miR-379 inhibitor on the expression levels of IGF1 in NCI-H1299; C: The effects of si-circHIPK3 on the expression levels of IGF1 in NCI-H2170; D: The effects of the pLCDH, p-circHIPK3, the group of circHIPK3 combined with miR-379 mimics on the expression levels of IGF1 in H1299; E: Detection of the expression levels of IGF1 by ELISA after culturing for 72 h; F: The cell growth effects of circHIPK3 and the group of circHIPK3 combined with miR-379 mimics on NCI-H1299. *: compared with the control, P < 0.05.
CircHIPK3通过circHIPK3/ miR-379通路促进细胞增殖。A:转入miR-379 mimics后,Western blot检测NCI-H1299细胞内IGF1的表达水平;B:转入miR-379 inhibitor后,Western blot检测NCI-H1299细胞内IGF1的表达水平;C:敲低circHIPK3后,Western blot检测NCI-H2170细胞内IGF1的表达水平;D:分别转染:对照pLCDH、p-circHIPK3、p-circHIPK3+miR-379 mimics共同处理组质粒后,Western blot检测NCI-H1299细胞内IGF1的表达水平;E:细胞培养72 h后,ELISA法检测细胞上清IGF1的量;F:CCK-8实验检测空载质粒pLCDH、p-circHIPK3、p-circHIPK3+miR-379 mimics共同处理组三个组别对细胞增殖的影响。*:与对照组相比,P<0.05。CircHIPK3 promoted NSCLC cell proliferation through circHIPK3/miR-379 pathway. A: The effects of miR-379 mimics on the expression levels of IGF1 in NCI-H1299; B: The effects of miR-379 inhibitor on the expression levels of IGF1 in NCI-H1299; C: The effects of si-circHIPK3 on the expression levels of IGF1 in NCI-H2170; D: The effects of the pLCDH, p-circHIPK3, the group of circHIPK3 combined with miR-379 mimics on the expression levels of IGF1 in H1299; E: Detection of the expression levels of IGF1 by ELISA after culturing for 72 h; F: The cell growth effects of circHIPK3 and the group of circHIPK3 combined with miR-379 mimics on NCI-H1299. *: compared with the control, P < 0.05.
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