Gary R Hunter1, Douglas R Moellering, Stephen J Carter, Barbara A Gower, Marcas M Bamman, Lyndsey M Hornbuckle, Eric P Plaisance, Gordon Fisher. 1. 1Department of Human Studies, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; 2Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; 3Diabetes Research Center Bioanalytical Redox Biology (BARB) Core, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; 4Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; and 5Department of Kinesiology, Recreation, and Sport Studies, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Resting energy expenditure (REE) increases after an intense exercise; however, little is known concerning mechanisms. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine effects of a single bout of moderate-intensity continuous (MIC) aerobic exercise, or high-intensity interval (HII) exercise on REE under energy balance conditions. METHODS: Thirty-three untrained premenopausal women were evaluated at baseline, after 8-16 wk of training, 22 h after either MIC (50% peak V˙O2) or HII (84% peak V˙O2). Participants were in a room calorimeter during and after the exercise challenge. Food intake was adjusted to obtain energy balance across 23 h. REE was measured after 22 h after all conditions. Twenty-three-hour urine norepinephrine concentration and serum creatine kinase activity (CrKact) were obtained. Muscle biopsies were obtained in a subset of 15 participants to examine muscle mitochondrial state 2, 3, and 4 fat oxidation. RESULTS: REE was increased 22 h after MIC (64 ± 119 kcal) and HII (103 ± 137 kcal). Markers of muscle damage (CrKact) increased after HII (9.6 ± 25.5 U·L) and MIC (22.2 ± 22.8 U·L), whereas sympathetic tone (urine norepinephrine) increased after HII (1.1 ± 10.6 ng·mg). Uncoupled phosphorylation (states 2 and 4) fat oxidation were related to REE (r = 0.65 and r = 0.55, respectively); however, neither state 2 nor state 4 fat oxidation increased after MIC or HII. REE was not increased after 8 wk of aerobic training when exercise was restrained for 60 h. CONCLUSIONS: Under energy balance conditions, REE increased 22 h after both moderate-intensity and high-intensity exercise. Exercise-induced muscle damage/repair and increased sympathetic tone may contribute to increased REE, whereas uncoupled phosphorylation does not. These results suggest that moderate- to high-intensity exercise may be valuable for increasing energy expenditure for at least 22 h after the exercise.
INTRODUCTION: Resting energy expenditure (REE) increases after an intense exercise; however, little is known concerning mechanisms. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine effects of a single bout of moderate-intensity continuous (MIC) aerobic exercise, or high-intensity interval (HII) exercise on REE under energy balance conditions. METHODS: Thirty-three untrained premenopausal women were evaluated at baseline, after 8-16 wk of training, 22 h after either MIC (50% peak V˙O2) or HII (84% peak V˙O2). Participants were in a room calorimeter during and after the exercise challenge. Food intake was adjusted to obtain energy balance across 23 h. REE was measured after 22 h after all conditions. Twenty-three-hour urine norepinephrine concentration and serum creatine kinase activity (CrKact) were obtained. Muscle biopsies were obtained in a subset of 15 participants to examine muscle mitochondrial state 2, 3, and 4 fat oxidation. RESULTS: REE was increased 22 h after MIC (64 ± 119 kcal) and HII (103 ± 137 kcal). Markers of muscle damage (CrKact) increased after HII (9.6 ± 25.5 U·L) and MIC (22.2 ± 22.8 U·L), whereas sympathetic tone (urine norepinephrine) increased after HII (1.1 ± 10.6 ng·mg). Uncoupled phosphorylation (states 2 and 4) fat oxidation were related to REE (r = 0.65 and r = 0.55, respectively); however, neither state 2 nor state 4 fat oxidation increased after MIC or HII. REE was not increased after 8 wk of aerobic training when exercise was restrained for 60 h. CONCLUSIONS: Under energy balance conditions, REE increased 22 h after both moderate-intensity and high-intensity exercise. Exercise-induced muscle damage/repair and increased sympathetic tone may contribute to increased REE, whereas uncoupled phosphorylation does not. These results suggest that moderate- to high-intensity exercise may be valuable for increasing energy expenditure for at least 22 h after the exercise.
Authors: E Gnaiger; R Boushel; H Søndergaard; T Munch-Andersen; R Damsgaard; C Hagen; C Díez-Sánchez; I Ara; C Wright-Paradis; P Schrauwen; M Hesselink; J A L Calbet; M Christiansen; J W Helge; B Saltin Journal: Scand J Med Sci Sports Date: 2015-12 Impact factor: 4.221
Authors: Gary R Hunter; Nuala M Byrne; Barbara A Gower; Bovorn Sirikul; Andrew P Hills Journal: Obesity (Silver Spring) Date: 2006-11 Impact factor: 5.002
Authors: Andrey V Kuznetsov; Vladimir Veksler; Frank N Gellerich; Valdur Saks; Raimund Margreiter; Wolfram S Kunz Journal: Nat Protoc Date: 2008 Impact factor: 13.491
Authors: Gary R Hunter; Gordon Fisher; David R Bryan; Juliano H Borges; Stephen J Carter Journal: J Strength Cond Res Date: 2018-11 Impact factor: 3.775
Authors: Gordon Fisher; Barbara A Gower; Fernando Ovalle; Christian E Behrens; Gary R Hunter Journal: Med Sci Sports Exerc Date: 2019-05 Impact factor: 5.411
Authors: Gary R Hunter; Douglas R Moellering; Samuel T Windham; Shannon L Mathis; Marcas M Bamman; Gordon Fisher Journal: J Appl Physiol (1985) Date: 2019-09-26
Authors: Jonathan L Warren; Barbara A Gower; Gary R Hunter; Samuel T Windham; Douglas R Moellering; Gordon Fisher Journal: J Nutr Metab Date: 2017-10-24
Authors: Jacob Adams; Byron Lai; James Rimmer; Danielle Powell; Ceren Yarar-Fisher; Robert A Oster; Gordon Fisher Journal: Trials Date: 2022-08-04 Impact factor: 2.728
Authors: Jonathan L Warren; Gary R Hunter; Barbara A Gower; Marcas M Bamman; Samuel T Windham; Douglas R Moellering; Gordon Fisher Journal: Med Sci Sports Exerc Date: 2020-04