Multifunctional molecule ERp57: From cancer to neurodegenerative diseases.

The protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) gene family is a protein family classically characterized by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) localization and isomerase and redox activity. ERp57, a prominent multifunctional member of the PDI family, is detected at various levels in multiple cellular localizations outside of the ER. ERp57 has been functionally linked to a host of physiological processes and numerous studies have demonstrated altered expression and aberrant functionality of ERp57 in association with diverse pathological states. Here, we summarize available knowledge of ERp57's functions in subcellular compartments and the roles of dysregulated ERp57 in various diseases toward an emphasis on the potential utility of therapeutic development of ERp57.