Sarah E Valentine1, Sarah M Peitzmeier2, Dana S King3, Conall O'Cleirigh3,4, Samantha M Marquez3, Cara Presley5, Jennifer Potter6. 1. 1 Department of Psychiatry, Boston Medical Center/ Boston University School of Medicine , Boston, Massachusetts. 2. 2 Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health , Baltimore, Maryland. 3. 3 The Fenway Institute , Fenway Health, Boston, Massachusetts. 4. 4 Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts. 5. 5 Behavioral Health Department, Fenway Health , Boston, Massachusetts. 6. 6 Division of General Internal Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center , Boston, Massachusetts.
Abstract
PURPOSE: We investigated the odds of intimate partner violence (IPV) among primary care patients across subgroups of transgender and gender nonconforming (TGNC) individuals relative to cisgender women, and cisgender sexual minority men and women relative to cisgender heterosexual men and women. METHODS: Participants completed an IPV screener as part of routine primary care visits at an urban community health center (N = 7572). Electronic medical record data were pooled for all patients who received the IPV screener January 1 to December 31, 2014. RESULTS: Overall, 3.6% of the sample reported experiencing physical or sexual IPV in the past year. Compared to cisgender women (past-year prevalence 2.7%), all TGNC subgroups reported elevated odds of physical or sexual IPV, including transgender women (past-year prevalence 12.1%; adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 5.0, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.9-8.6), transgender men (6.6%; AOR = 2.4, 95% CI: 1.2-4.6), gender non-binary individuals (8.2%, AOR = 3.1, 95% CI = 1.7-5.4), and TGNC individuals who did not report their gender identity (9.1%; AOR = 3.7, 95% CI = 2.2-6.3). The prevalence of isolation-related IPV and controlling behaviors was also high in some TGNC groups. CONCLUSION: Our findings support that IPV is prevalent across genders and sexual orientations. Clinical guidelines for IPV screening should be expanded to include TGNC individuals and not just cisgender women. Future research could explore the complex patterns by which individuals of different genders are at increased risk for different types of IPV, and investigate the best ways to screen TGNC patients and support TGNC survivors.
PURPOSE: We investigated the odds of intimate partner violence (IPV) among primary care patients across subgroups of transgender and gender nonconforming (TGNC) individuals relative to cisgender women, and cisgender sexual minority men and women relative to cisgender heterosexual men and women. METHODS:Participants completed an IPV screener as part of routine primary care visits at an urban community health center (N = 7572). Electronic medical record data were pooled for all patients who received the IPV screener January 1 to December 31, 2014. RESULTS: Overall, 3.6% of the sample reported experiencing physical or sexual IPV in the past year. Compared to cisgender women (past-year prevalence 2.7%), all TGNC subgroups reported elevated odds of physical or sexual IPV, including transgender women (past-year prevalence 12.1%; adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 5.0, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.9-8.6), transgender men (6.6%; AOR = 2.4, 95% CI: 1.2-4.6), gender non-binary individuals (8.2%, AOR = 3.1, 95% CI = 1.7-5.4), and TGNC individuals who did not report their gender identity (9.1%; AOR = 3.7, 95% CI = 2.2-6.3). The prevalence of isolation-related IPV and controlling behaviors was also high in some TGNC groups. CONCLUSION: Our findings support that IPV is prevalent across genders and sexual orientations. Clinical guidelines for IPV screening should be expanded to include TGNC individuals and not just cisgender women. Future research could explore the complex patterns by which individuals of different genders are at increased risk for different types of IPV, and investigate the best ways to screen TGNC patients and support TGNC survivors.
Authors: Rachel C Garthe; Marco A Hidalgo; Jacob Goffnett; Jane Hereth; Robert Garofalo; Sari L Reisner; Matthew J Mimiaga; Lisa M Kuhns Journal: Psychol Sex Orientat Gend Divers Date: 2020-03-23
Authors: Leigh A Bukowski; Melvin C Hampton; Cesar G Escobar-Viera; Jordan M Sang; Cristian J Chandler; Emmett Henderson; Stephanie L Creasy; Ronald D Stall Journal: J Urban Health Date: 2019-10 Impact factor: 3.671
Authors: Rachel C Garthe; Marco A Hidalgo; Jane Hereth; Robert Garofalo; Sari L Reisner; Matthew J Mimiaga; Lisa Kuhns Journal: LGBT Health Date: 2018-07-30 Impact factor: 4.151
Authors: Ellen C Murphy; Eddy R Segura; Jordan E Lake; Leyla Huerta; Amaya G Perez-Brumer; Kenneth H Mayer; Sari L Reisner; Javier R Lama; Jesse L Clark Journal: AIDS Behav Date: 2020-06
Authors: Sarah M Peitzmeier; Mannat Malik; Shanna K Kattari; Elliot Marrow; Rob Stephenson; Madina Agénor; Sari L Reisner Journal: Am J Public Health Date: 2020-07-16 Impact factor: 11.561
Authors: Jessica N Coleman; Abigail W Batchelder; Norik Kirakosian; Karmel W Choi; Jillian C Shipherd; C Andres Bedoya; Steven A Safren; Gail Ironson; Conall O'Cleirigh Journal: J Trauma Dissociation Date: 2021-10-22