Jana Semberova1,2, Jan Sirc2,3, Jan Miletin4,2,3,5, Jachym Kucera2, Ivan Berka2, Sylva Sebkova2, Sinead O'Sullivan1, Orla Franklin6, Zbynek Stranak2,3. 1. Department of Neonatology, Coombe Women and Infants Hospital, Dublin, Ireland. 2. Institute for the Care of Mother and Child, Prague, Czech Republic. 3. Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic. 4. Department of Neonatology, Coombe Women and Infants Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; miletinj@yahoo.com. 5. UCD School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Dublin, Ireland; and. 6. Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Our Lady's Children's Hospital Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) remains a challenging issue in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants, and its management varies widely. Our aim in this study was to document the natural course of ductus arteriosus in a cohort of VLBW infants who underwent conservative PDA management with no medical or surgical intervention. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study conducted in 2 European level-3 neonatal units. RESULTS: A total of 368 VLBW infants were born within the study period. Two hundred and ninety-seven infants were free of congenital malformations or heart defects and survived to hospital discharge. Out of those, 280 infants received truly conservative PDA management. In 237 (85%) of nontreated infants, the PDA closed before hospital discharge. The Kaplan-Meier model was used to document the incidence proportion of PDA closure over time for different gestational age groups. The median time to ductal closure was 71, 13, 8, and 6 days in <26+0, 26+0 to 27+6, 28+0 to 29+6, and ≥30 weeks, respectively. For different birth weight groups, the median was 48, 22, 9, and 8 days in infants weighing <750, 750 to 999, 1000 to 1249, and 1250 to 1500 g, respectively. No statistically significant relationship was found between PDA closure before hospital discharge and neonatal morbidities. CONCLUSIONS: The likelihood of PDA spontaneous closure in VLBW infants is extremely high. We provide in our findings a platform for future placebo-controlled trials focused on the smallest and youngest infants.
OBJECTIVES: Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) remains a challenging issue in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants, and its management varies widely. Our aim in this study was to document the natural course of ductus arteriosus in a cohort of VLBW infants who underwent conservative PDA management with no medical or surgical intervention. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study conducted in 2 European level-3 neonatal units. RESULTS: A total of 368 VLBW infants were born within the study period. Two hundred and ninety-seven infants were free of congenital malformations or heart defects and survived to hospital discharge. Out of those, 280 infants received truly conservative PDA management. In 237 (85%) of nontreated infants, the PDA closed before hospital discharge. The Kaplan-Meier model was used to document the incidence proportion of PDA closure over time for different gestational age groups. The median time to ductal closure was 71, 13, 8, and 6 days in <26+0, 26+0 to 27+6, 28+0 to 29+6, and ≥30 weeks, respectively. For different birth weight groups, the median was 48, 22, 9, and 8 days in infants weighing <750, 750 to 999, 1000 to 1249, and 1250 to 1500 g, respectively. No statistically significant relationship was found between PDA closure before hospital discharge and neonatal morbidities. CONCLUSIONS: The likelihood of PDA spontaneous closure in VLBW infants is extremely high. We provide in our findings a platform for future placebo-controlled trials focused on the smallest and youngest infants.
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