SCOPE: Human milk exosomes provide a natural means of genetic material transfer to infants; however, the effect of gastric/pancreatic digestion milk exosomes stability and their microRNA content is largely unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS: We took a simulated gastric/pancreatic digestion protocol to perform in vitro digestion of milk exosomes, explore intestinal epithelial uptake, and further elucidate microRNA responses to digestion at early-, mid-, late lactation by massive parallel sequencing. Both undigested and digested exosomes enter human intestinal crypt-like cells (HIEC), with evidence of nuclear localization. We identified 288 mature microRNAs from all 24 exosome samples, and an additional 610 at low abundance. A large number of synapse development- and immune-related microRNAs were identified. hsa-miR-22-3p was the most abundant microRNA, and the top 15 microRNAs contributed ∼11% of the sequencing reads. Upon digestion, the overall microRNA abundance in human milk exosomes was stable. CONCLUSION: Our results for the first time reveal the survivability and complexity of human milk exosome microRNAs upon simulated gastric/pancreatic digestion, and the dynamics during lactation stages. The results suggest a previously underexplored area of infant response to genetic material in human milk exosomes.
SCOPE: Human milk exosomes provide a natural means of genetic material transfer to infants; however, the effect of gastric/pancreatic digestion milk exosomes stability and their microRNA content is largely unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS: We took a simulated gastric/pancreatic digestion protocol to perform in vitro digestion of milk exosomes, explore intestinal epithelial uptake, and further elucidate microRNA responses to digestion at early-, mid-, late lactation by massive parallel sequencing. Both undigested and digested exosomes enter human intestinal crypt-like cells (HIEC), with evidence of nuclear localization. We identified 288 mature microRNAs from all 24 exosome samples, and an additional 610 at low abundance. A large number of synapse development- and immune-related microRNAs were identified. hsa-miR-22-3p was the most abundant microRNA, and the top 15 microRNAs contributed ∼11% of the sequencing reads. Upon digestion, the overall microRNA abundance in human milk exosomes was stable. CONCLUSION: Our results for the first time reveal the survivability and complexity of human milk exosome microRNAs upon simulated gastric/pancreatic digestion, and the dynamics during lactation stages. The results suggest a previously underexplored area of infant response to genetic material in human milk exosomes.
Authors: Ana Aguilar-Lozano; Scott Baier; Ryan Grove; Jiang Shu; David Giraud; Amy Leiferman; Kelly E Mercer; Juan Cui; Thomas M Badger; Jiri Adamec; Aline Andres; Janos Zempleni Journal: J Nutr Date: 2018-12-01 Impact factor: 4.798
Authors: Sean P Kessler; Dana R Obery; Kourtney P Nickerson; Aaron C Petrey; Christine McDonald; Carol A de la Motte Journal: J Histochem Cytochem Date: 2018-01-01 Impact factor: 2.479
Authors: Daniel O'Reilly; Denis Dorodnykh; Nina V Avdeenko; Nikita A Nekliudov; Johan Garssen; Ahmed A Elolimy; Loukia Petrou; Melanie Rae Simpson; Laxmi Yeruva; Daniel Munblit Journal: Adv Nutr Date: 2021-02-01 Impact factor: 8.701
Authors: Anne K Bozack; Elena Colicino; Rodosthenis Rodosthenous; Tessa R Bloomquist; Andrea A Baccarelli; Robert O Wright; Rosalind J Wright; Alison G Lee Journal: Epigenetics Date: 2020-08-25 Impact factor: 4.528