Jonathan H Chung1, Steven M Montner2, Ayodeji Adegunsoye3, Justin M Oldham4, Aliya N Husain5, Rekha Vij3, Imre Noth3, Mary E Strek3. 1. Department of Radiology, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA. jonherochung@uchicago.edu. 2. Department of Radiology, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA. 3. Section of Pulmonary/Critical Care; Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA. 4. Section of Pulmonary/Critical Care; Department of Medicine, The University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA. 5. Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To identify CT findings in chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (cHP) associated with survival. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Two thoracic radiologists assessed CT scans for specific imaging findings and patterns in 132 subjects with cHP. Survival analyses were performed. RESULTS: The majority of subjects had an inconsistent with usual interstitial pneumonitis pattern on CT (55.3%,73/132). Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) diagnosis on CT was less common in those with fibrosis (66.1%, 74/112) than those without fibrosis (85%,17/20). Smoking was associated with a lower prevalence of HP on CT (p=0.04). CT features of pulmonary fibrosis, especially traction bronchiectasis (HR 8.34, 95% CI 1.98-35.21) and increased pulmonary artery (PA)/aorta ratio (HR 2.49, 95% CI 1.27-4.89) were associated with worse survival, while ground-glass opacity (HR 0.31, 95% CI 0.12-0.79) was associated with improved survival. Survival association with imaging was less pronounced after adjustment for gender, age and physiology score. CONCLUSIONS: A substantial proportion of cHP cases have a non-HP-like appearance. Ground-glass opacity, pulmonary fibrosis features and elevated PA/aorta ratio on CT likely reflect varying degrees of disease severity in cHP and may inform future clinical prediction models. KEY POINTS: • A substantial proportion of subjects with chronic HP have a UIP-like pattern. • A UIP pattern in HP may be potentiated by smoking. • A diagnosis of HP should not be excluded based solely on CT appearance. • CT fibrosis and increased PA/aorta ratio signal worse survival.
OBJECTIVES: To identify CT findings in chronic hypersensitivitypneumonitis (cHP) associated with survival. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Two thoracic radiologists assessed CT scans for specific imaging findings and patterns in 132 subjects with cHP. Survival analyses were performed. RESULTS: The majority of subjects had an inconsistent with usual interstitial pneumonitis pattern on CT (55.3%,73/132). Hypersensitivitypneumonitis (HP) diagnosis on CT was less common in those with fibrosis (66.1%, 74/112) than those without fibrosis (85%,17/20). Smoking was associated with a lower prevalence of HP on CT (p=0.04). CT features of pulmonary fibrosis, especially traction bronchiectasis (HR 8.34, 95% CI 1.98-35.21) and increased pulmonary artery (PA)/aorta ratio (HR 2.49, 95% CI 1.27-4.89) were associated with worse survival, while ground-glass opacity (HR 0.31, 95% CI 0.12-0.79) was associated with improved survival. Survival association with imaging was less pronounced after adjustment for gender, age and physiology score. CONCLUSIONS: A substantial proportion of cHP cases have a non-HP-like appearance. Ground-glass opacity, pulmonary fibrosis features and elevated PA/aorta ratio on CT likely reflect varying degrees of disease severity in cHP and may inform future clinical prediction models. KEY POINTS: • A substantial proportion of subjects with chronic HP have a UIP-like pattern. • A UIP pattern in HP may be potentiated by smoking. • A diagnosis of HP should not be excluded based solely on CT appearance. • CT fibrosis and increased PA/aorta ratio signal worse survival.
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Authors: Jonathan H Chung; Ayodeji Adegunsoye; Justin M Oldham; Rekha Vij; Aliya Husain; Steven M Montner; Ronald A Karwoski; Brian J Bartholmai; Mary E Strek Journal: Eur Radiol Date: 2021-04-13 Impact factor: 5.315
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