Reducing postoperative pain, narcotics, and length of hospitalization.

Bupivacaine wound infiltration together with efficient esophagogastric decompression and immediate elemental feeding in 43 consecutive, well-instructed patients who had undergone cholecystectomy reduced their postoperative analgesia requirements to an average of 17 (+/- 46, SD) mg of meperidine during the initial 24 hours. No analgesics were requested by 35/43 patients (81%) and 40/43 were discharged within 24 hours of surgery. All 86 conventionally treated control patients required narcotics, averaging 4.4 (+/- 0.3, SD) doses and amounting to 290 (+/- 25, SD) mg of meperidine or its equivalent during their first postoperative day and were discharged in 6.5 (+/- 0.7, SD) days. None were discharged in less than 3 days. Home interview by a visiting nurse was carried out for a block of 19 treated patients and their families. Six patients were interviewed prospectively within 33 to 64 hours of surgery, with a repeat visit 1 to 2 months later. Retrospectively studied patients were only seen 1 to 4 months after surgery. These interviews confirmed the patients' and their families' satisfaction with their bodily functions, their limited discomfort, and their independence from the hospital. Wound infiltration with a long-acting local anesthetic, efficient removal of swallowed air, and immediate, full enteral nutrition contribute to reduced postoperative pain and narcotic use in well-instructed patients, thus leading to safe and satisfactory early discharge.