Jingwei Li1, Guilin Li1, Lisong Bian2, Tao Hong1, Jiaxing Yu1, Hongqi Zhang1, Feng Ling3. 1. Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. 2. Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Haidian section of Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China. 3. Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. Electronic address: feng_ling_ccmu@163.com.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Although multifocal spinal arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) have been reported before, the present case is the first case of 2 different types, including 1 perimedullary arteriovenous fistula and 2 spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas of lumbosacral AVMs, coexisting in 1 patient. We also report the use of hybrid techniques in treatment of concomitant lumbosacral spinal AVMs. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 65-year-old man presented with a 4-year history of progressive sensory, motor, and sphincter dysfunction. Spinal magnetic resonance imaging and digital subtraction angiography showed 2 spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas (fed by the right L2 lumbar artery and the right lateral sacral artery, respectively) and 1 perimedullary arteriovenous fistula (fed by the filum terminale artery from the left L2 lumbar artery [i.e., filum terminale arteriovenous fistulas]. A hybrid technique was used to perform embolization of the right L2 spinal dural arteriovenous fistula and microsurgery of the L5 level filum terminale vein. The patient was asymptomatic 1 year later. CONCLUSIONS: Multifocal spinal vascular malformations may coexist in 1 case, and standardized spinal digital subtraction angiography, including the bilateral internal iliac arteries and median sacral artery, should be performed to avoid a missed diagnosis. The concomitant phenomenon indicates that venous hypertension may be a risk factor for the development of arteriovenous fistulas. Hybrid techniques are effective in treatment of multifocal and complex spinal AVMs.
BACKGROUND: Although multifocal spinal arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) have been reported before, the present case is the first case of 2 different types, including 1 perimedullary arteriovenous fistula and 2 spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas of lumbosacral AVMs, coexisting in 1 patient. We also report the use of hybrid techniques in treatment of concomitant lumbosacral spinal AVMs. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 65-year-old man presented with a 4-year history of progressive sensory, motor, and sphincter dysfunction. Spinal magnetic resonance imaging and digital subtraction angiography showed 2 spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas (fed by the right L2 lumbar artery and the right lateral sacral artery, respectively) and 1 perimedullary arteriovenous fistula (fed by the filum terminale artery from the left L2 lumbar artery [i.e., filum terminale arteriovenous fistulas]. A hybrid technique was used to perform embolization of the right L2 spinal dural arteriovenous fistula and microsurgery of the L5 level filum terminale vein. The patient was asymptomatic 1 year later. CONCLUSIONS: Multifocal spinal vascular malformations may coexist in 1 case, and standardized spinal digital subtraction angiography, including the bilateral internal iliac arteries and median sacral artery, should be performed to avoid a missed diagnosis. The concomitant phenomenon indicates that venous hypertension may be a risk factor for the development of arteriovenous fistulas. Hybrid techniques are effective in treatment of multifocal and complex spinal AVMs.