p-NO2-Bn-H4neunpa and H4neunpa-Trastuzumab: Bifunctional Chelator for Radiometalpharmaceuticals and 111In Immuno-Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography Imaging.

Potentially nonadentate (N5O4) bifunctional chelator p-SCN-Bn-H4neunpa and its immunoconjugate H4neunpa-trastuzumab for 111In radiolabeling are synthesized. The ability of p-SCN-Bn-H4neunpa and H4neunpa-trastuzumab to quantitatively radiolabel 111InCl3 at an ambient temperature within 15 or 30 min, respectively, is presented. Thermodynamic stability determination with In3+, Bi3+, and La3+ resulted in high conditional stability constant (pM) values. In vitro human serum stability assays have demonstrated both 111In complexes to have high stability over 5 days. Mouse biodistribution of [111In][In(p-NO2-Bn-neunpa)]-, compared to that of [111In][In(p-NH2-Bn-CHX-A″-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA))]2-, at 1, 4, and 24 h shows fast clearance of both complexes from the mice within 24 h. In a second mouse biodistribution study, the immunoconjugates 111In-neunpa-trastuzumab and 111In-CHX-A″-DTPA-trastuzumab demonstrate a similar distribution profile but with slightly lower tumor uptake of 111In-neunpa-trastuzumab compared to that of 111In-CHX-A″-DTPA-trastuzumab. These results were also confirmed by immuno-single photon emission computed tomography (immuno-SPECT) imaging in vivo. These initial investigations reveal the acyclic bifunctional chelator p-SCN-Bn-H4neunpa to be a promising chelator for 111In (and other radiometals) with high in vitro stability and also show H4neunpa-trastuzumab to be an excellent 111In chelator with promising biodistribution in mice.