Donghan M Yang1,2, James E Huettner3, G Larry Bretthorst4, Jeffrey J Neil5,6,7, Joel R Garbow4,8, Joseph J H Ackerman1,4,8,9. 1. Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA. 2. Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA. 3. Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA. 4. Department of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA. 5. Department of Neurology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA. 6. Department of Pediatrics, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA. 7. Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. 8. Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA. 9. Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To determine the intracellular water preexchange lifetime, τi , the "average residence time" of water, in the intracellular milieu of neurons and astrocytes. The preexchange lifetime is important for modeling a variety of MR data sets, including relaxation, diffusion-sensitive, and dynamic contrast-enhanced data sets. METHODS: Herein, τi in neurons and astrocytes is determined in a microbead-adherent, cultured cell system. In concert with thin-slice selection, rapid flow of extracellular media suppresses extracellular signal, allowing determination of the transcytolemmal-exchange-dominated, intracellular T1 . With this knowledge, and that of the intracellular T1 in the absence of exchange, τi can be derived. RESULTS: Under normal culture conditions, τi for neurons is 0.75 ± 0.05 s versus 0.57 ± 0.03 s for astrocytes. Both neuronal and astrocytic τi s decrease within 30 min after the onset of oxygen-glucose deprivation, with the astrocytic τi showing a substantially greater decrease than the neuronal τi . CONCLUSIONS: Given an approximate intra- to extracellular volume ratio of 4:1 in the brain, these data imply that, under normal physiological conditions, an MR experimental characteristic time of less than 0.012 s is required for a nonexchanging, two-compartment (intra- and extracellular) model to be valid for MR studies. This characteristic time shortens significantly (i.e., 0.004 s) under injury conditions. Magn Reson Med 79:1616-1627, 2018.
PURPOSE: To determine the intracellular water preexchange lifetime, τi , the "average residence time" of water, in the intracellular milieu of neurons and astrocytes. The preexchange lifetime is important for modeling a variety of MR data sets, including relaxation, diffusion-sensitive, and dynamic contrast-enhanced data sets. METHODS: Herein, τi in neurons and astrocytes is determined in a microbead-adherent, cultured cell system. In concert with thin-slice selection, rapid flow of extracellular media suppresses extracellular signal, allowing determination of the transcytolemmal-exchange-dominated, intracellular T1 . With this knowledge, and that of the intracellular T1 in the absence of exchange, τi can be derived. RESULTS: Under normal culture conditions, τi for neurons is 0.75 ± 0.05 s versus 0.57 ± 0.03 s for astrocytes. Both neuronal and astrocytic τi s decrease within 30 min after the onset of oxygen-glucose deprivation, with the astrocytic τi showing a substantially greater decrease than the neuronal τi . CONCLUSIONS: Given an approximate intra- to extracellular volume ratio of 4:1 in the brain, these data imply that, under normal physiological conditions, an MR experimental characteristic time of less than 0.012 s is required for a nonexchanging, two-compartment (intra- and extracellular) model to be valid for MR studies. This characteristic time shortens significantly (i.e., 0.004 s) under injury conditions. Magn Reson Med 79:1616-1627, 2018.
Authors: M E Moseley; Y Cohen; J Mintorovitch; L Chileuitt; H Shimizu; J Kucharczyk; M F Wendland; P R Weinstein Journal: Magn Reson Med Date: 1990-05 Impact factor: 4.668
Authors: Donghan M Yang; Tatsuya J Arai; James W Campbell; Jenifer L Gerberich; Heling Zhou; Ralph P Mason Journal: NMR Biomed Date: 2019-05-07 Impact factor: 4.044
Authors: Valerie C Anderson; Ian J Tagge; Aaron Doud; Xin Li; Charles S Springer; Joseph F Quinn; Jeffrey A Kaye; Katherine V Wild; William D Rooney Journal: Tissue Barriers Date: 2021-09-18