Josiemer Mattei1, Daniela Sotres-Alvarez2, Marc Gellman3, Sheila F Castañeda4, Frank B Hu5, Katherine L Tucker6, Anna Maria Siega-Riz7, Robert C Kaplan8. 1. Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Bldg 2, Boston, MA 02115, United States. Electronic address: jmattei@hsph.harvard.edu. 2. Collaborative Studies Coordinating Center, Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, 137 East Franklin Street, Suite 203, CB #8030, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, United States. 3. Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Clinical Research Building, Room 1518, Miller School of Medicine, 1120 N.W. 14th Street, Miami, FL 33136, United States. 4. Graduate School of Public Health, Institute for Behavioral and Community Health, San Diego State University, 9245 Sky Park Ct, #110, San Diego, CA 92123, United States. 5. Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Bldg 2, Boston, MA 02115, United States; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Bldg 2, Boston, MA 02115, United States. 6. Department of Clinical Laboratory and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts, 3 Solomont Way, Suite 4, Lowell, MA 01854-3092, United States. 7. Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Office 2126, Bldg #560, Fontaine Research Park, 560 Ray C. Hunt Drive, PO Box 800765, Charlottesville, VA 22903, United States. 8. Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Belfer Building, Room 1306B, Bronx, NY 10461, United States.
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Diet quality may influence non-traditional cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors - namely, C-reactive protein (CRP) and the ankle-brachial index (ABI). Pre-existing traditional cardiometabolic conditions may confound this association. We aimed to determine whether diet quality was associated with high-risk CRP or ABI, independently from traditional cardiometabolic risk factors. METHODS: Baseline data were analyzed from US-Hispanics/Latinos aged 18-74 y without previously-diagnosed CVD participating in the population-based Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos cohort. Included were 14,623 participants with CRP data, and 7892 participants (≥45 y) with ABI data. Diet quality was measured with the Alternate Healthy Eating Index (AHEI). RESULTS: Nearly 35% of Hispanics/Latinos had high-risk CRP concentration and 6.3% had high-risk ABI (peripheral artery disease (PAD): 4.2%; arterial stiffness: 2.1%). After adjusting for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and obesity, the odds (95% confidence interval) of having high-risk ABI were 37% (5, 44%) lower per 10-unit increase in AHEI (p = 0.018). The association was marginally significant for PAD (0.77 (0.58, 1.00); p = 0.05), and non-significant for arterial stiffness (p = 0.16). Each 10-unit increase in AHEI was associated with 21% (10, 30%) lower odds of high-risk CRP (p = 0.0002) after similar adjustments. There were no significant interactions between AHEI and age, sex, ethnicity, smoking, or pre-existing cardiometabolic conditions for associations with ABI. The association between AHEI and high-risk CRP was stronger for those with diabetes (p-interaction < 0.0001), obesity (p-interaction = 0.005), or ages 45-74 y (p-interaction = 0.011). CONCLUSIONS: Higher diet quality is associated with lower inflammation and less adverse ABI among Hispanics/Latinos, independently from traditional cardiometabolic risk factors.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Diet quality may influence non-traditional cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors - namely, C-reactive protein (CRP) and the ankle-brachial index (ABI). Pre-existing traditional cardiometabolic conditions may confound this association. We aimed to determine whether diet quality was associated with high-risk CRP or ABI, independently from traditional cardiometabolic risk factors. METHODS: Baseline data were analyzed from US-Hispanics/Latinos aged 18-74 y without previously-diagnosed CVD participating in the population-based Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos cohort. Included were 14,623 participants with CRP data, and 7892 participants (≥45 y) with ABI data. Diet quality was measured with the Alternate Healthy Eating Index (AHEI). RESULTS: Nearly 35% of Hispanics/Latinos had high-risk CRP concentration and 6.3% had high-risk ABI (peripheral artery disease (PAD): 4.2%; arterial stiffness: 2.1%). After adjusting for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and obesity, the odds (95% confidence interval) of having high-risk ABI were 37% (5, 44%) lower per 10-unit increase in AHEI (p = 0.018). The association was marginally significant for PAD (0.77 (0.58, 1.00); p = 0.05), and non-significant for arterial stiffness (p = 0.16). Each 10-unit increase in AHEI was associated with 21% (10, 30%) lower odds of high-risk CRP (p = 0.0002) after similar adjustments. There were no significant interactions between AHEI and age, sex, ethnicity, smoking, or pre-existing cardiometabolic conditions for associations with ABI. The association between AHEI and high-risk CRP was stronger for those with diabetes (p-interaction < 0.0001), obesity (p-interaction = 0.005), or ages 45-74 y (p-interaction = 0.011). CONCLUSIONS: Higher diet quality is associated with lower inflammation and less adverse ABI among Hispanics/Latinos, independently from traditional cardiometabolic risk factors.
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