Danilo Sales Bocalini1,2, Marco Bergamin3, Alexandre Lopes Evangelista4, Roberta Luksevicius Rica1, Francisco Luciano Pontes5, Aylton Figueira1, Andrey Jorge Serra6, Emilly Martinelli Rossi7, Paulo José Ferreira Tucci8, Leonardo Dos Santos7. 1. Translational Physiology Laboratory, Post-Graduation Program in Physical Education, São Judas Tadeu University, São Paulo, Brazil. 2. Post-Graduation Program in Aging, São Judas Tadeu University, São Paulo, Brazil. 3. Sport and Exercise Medicine Division, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy. 4. Department of Physical Education of University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. 5. School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities of University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. 6. Post-Graduation in Biophotonic applied in Healthy Science of Nove de Julho University, São Paulo, Brazil. 7. Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Espirito Santo, Brazil. 8. Cardiology division of Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo - São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: systemic arterial hypertension is the most prevalent cardiovascular disease; physical activity for hypertensive patients is related to several beneficial cardiovascular adaptations. This paper evaluated the effect of water- and land-ergometry exercise sessions on post-exercise hypotension (PEH) of healthy normotensive subjects versus treated or untreated hypertensive patients. METHODS: Forty-five older women composed three experimental groups: normotensive (N, n = 10), treated hypertensive (TH, n = 15) and untreated hypertensive (UH, n = 20). The physical exercise acute session protocol was performed at 75% of maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) for 45 minutes; systolic (SBP), diastolic (DBP) and mean (MBP) blood pressure were evaluated at rest, peak and at 15, 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 minutes after exercise cessation. Additionally, the heart rate variability (HRV) was analyzed by R-R intervals in the frequency domain for the assessment of cardiac autonomic function. RESULTS: In both exercise modalities, equivalent increases in SBP were observed from rest to peak exercise for all groups, and during recovery, significant PEH was noted. At 90 minutes after the exercise session, the prevalence of hypotension was significantly higher in water- than in the land-based protocol. Moreover, more pronounced reductions in SBP and DBP were observed in the UH patients compared to TH and N subjects. Finally, exercise in the water was more effective in restoring HRV during recovery, with greater effects in the untreated hypertensive group. CONCLUSION: Our data demonstrated that water-ergometry exercise was able to induce expressive PEH and improve cardiac autonomic modulation in older normotensive, hypertensive treated or hypertensive untreated subjects when compared to conventional land-ergometry.
BACKGROUND: systemic arterial hypertension is the most prevalent cardiovascular disease; physical activity for hypertensivepatients is related to several beneficial cardiovascular adaptations. This paper evaluated the effect of water- and land-ergometry exercise sessions on post-exercise hypotension (PEH) of healthy normotensive subjects versus treated or untreated hypertensivepatients. METHODS: Forty-five older women composed three experimental groups: normotensive (N, n = 10), treated hypertensive (TH, n = 15) and untreated hypertensive (UH, n = 20). The physical exercise acute session protocol was performed at 75% of maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) for 45 minutes; systolic (SBP), diastolic (DBP) and mean (MBP) blood pressure were evaluated at rest, peak and at 15, 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 minutes after exercise cessation. Additionally, the heart rate variability (HRV) was analyzed by R-R intervals in the frequency domain for the assessment of cardiac autonomic function. RESULTS: In both exercise modalities, equivalent increases in SBP were observed from rest to peak exercise for all groups, and during recovery, significant PEH was noted. At 90 minutes after the exercise session, the prevalence of hypotension was significantly higher in water- than in the land-based protocol. Moreover, more pronounced reductions in SBP and DBP were observed in the UH patients compared to TH and N subjects. Finally, exercise in the water was more effective in restoring HRV during recovery, with greater effects in the untreated hypertensive group. CONCLUSION: Our data demonstrated that water-ergometry exercise was able to induce expressive PEH and improve cardiac autonomic modulation in older normotensive, hypertensive treated or hypertensive untreated subjects when compared to conventional land-ergometry.
Authors: Nobuo Takeshima; Michael E Rogers; Eiji Watanabe; William F Brechue; Akiyoshi Okada; Tadaki Yamada; Mohammod M Islam; Jyunichirou Hayano Journal: Med Sci Sports Exerc Date: 2002-03 Impact factor: 5.411
Authors: Francisco L Pontes; Reury F P Bacurau; Milton R Moraes; Francisco Navarro; Dulce E Casarini; Jorge L Pesquero; João B Pesquero; Ronaldo C Araújo; Ivan C Piçarro Journal: Int Immunopharmacol Date: 2007-09-20 Impact factor: 4.932
Authors: Francisco A Júnior; Samuel G Gomes; Fernando F da Silva; Perciliany M Souza; Emerson C Oliveira; Daniel B Coelho; Raimundo M Nascimento-Neto; Wanderson Lima; Lenice K Becker Journal: Cardiovasc J Afr Date: 2019-10-25 Impact factor: 1.167