Brad Zebrack1, Minyoung Kwak2, Laura Sundstrom3. 1. University of Michigan School of Social Work, 1080 S. University, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1106, USA. zebrack@umich.edu. 2. Department of Social Work, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong. 3. University of Michigan School of Social Work, 1080 S. University, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1106, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Participation in camps, adventure programs, retreats, and other social events offers experiences that can promote self-efficacy and quality of life. PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to examine whether participation in a 1-week outdoor adventure program resulted in improvements in psychological distress, self-efficacy, and/or social support for young adult cancer patients (AYAs) aged 18-40 years. The study examined the differential effect of participation for AYAs who indicated moderate to severe symptoms of psychological distress prior to their trip. METHODS: Standardized measures of distress, self-efficacy, and social support were administered pre-trip, post-trip, and 1 month after program completion (follow-up). Univariate and multivariate models examined baseline scores for non-distressed participants compared to distressed participants, changes in outcomes from pre-trip to post-trip and follow-up for the entire sample, and the extent to which change rates for each outcome differed for distressed versus non-distressed participants. RESULTS: All participants demonstrated significant improvement in self-efficacy over time. Distressed participants reported a significantly greater decrease in distress symptoms and greater increase in self-efficacy and social support at post-trip and 1 month later when compared to non-distressed participants. CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest that participation in an outdoor recreational activity designed specifically for AYAs with cancer contributes to significant reductions in distress and improvements in self-efficacy and social support, and particularly for AYAs reporting clinically significant distress symptoms prior to the initiation of their activity.
BACKGROUND: Participation in camps, adventure programs, retreats, and other social events offers experiences that can promote self-efficacy and quality of life. PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to examine whether participation in a 1-week outdoor adventure program resulted in improvements in psychological distress, self-efficacy, and/or social support for young adult cancerpatients (AYAs) aged 18-40 years. The study examined the differential effect of participation for AYAs who indicated moderate to severe symptoms of psychological distress prior to their trip. METHODS: Standardized measures of distress, self-efficacy, and social support were administered pre-trip, post-trip, and 1 month after program completion (follow-up). Univariate and multivariate models examined baseline scores for non-distressed participants compared to distressed participants, changes in outcomes from pre-trip to post-trip and follow-up for the entire sample, and the extent to which change rates for each outcome differed for distressed versus non-distressed participants. RESULTS: All participants demonstrated significant improvement in self-efficacy over time. Distressed participants reported a significantly greater decrease in distress symptoms and greater increase in self-efficacy and social support at post-trip and 1 month later when compared to non-distressed participants. CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest that participation in an outdoor recreational activity designed specifically for AYAs with cancer contributes to significant reductions in distress and improvements in self-efficacy and social support, and particularly for AYAs reporting clinically significant distress symptoms prior to the initiation of their activity.
Entities:
Keywords:
Anxiety; Depression; Intervention; Quality of life; Self-efficacy; Young adult
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