Shaul Lev-Ran1,2, Daniel Feingold1,3, Craig Goodman1, Arturo G Lerner1,2. 1. Lev Hasharon Mental Health Center, Pardessya, Israel. 2. Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. 3. Ariel University, Ariel, Israel.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OJECTIVE: Exploring differences in visual disturbances and triggers between Hallucinogen-Persisting-Perceptual-Disorder (HPPD) Type I ("positive/benign") and II ("negative/distressing"). METHODS: Forty individuals with HPPD and prior LSD use completed clinical questionnaires. RESULTS: The most common type of visual disturbances among individuals with HPPD I and II was slow movement of still objects and trailing phenomena, respectively. Those with HPPD I were more likely to report experiencing disturbances in dark environment, while looking at a still or moving object and during sexual intercourse. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: HPPD I and II differ in terms of visual disturbances and triggers, possibly representing different phenomena existing on the same spectrum. SCIENTIFIC SIGNIFICANCE: Our study indicating differences in triggers to HPPD I and II adds to existing literature on differences in visual disturbances between the two subtypes. Further research elucidating additional differences between the subtypes of HPPD is needed. (Am J Addict 2017;26:568-571).
BACKGROUND AND OJECTIVE: Exploring differences in visual disturbances and triggers between Hallucinogen-Persisting-Perceptual-Disorder (HPPD) Type I ("positive/benign") and II ("negative/distressing"). METHODS: Forty individuals with HPPD and prior LSD use completed clinical questionnaires. RESULTS: The most common type of visual disturbances among individuals with HPPD I and II was slow movement of still objects and trailing phenomena, respectively. Those with HPPD I were more likely to report experiencing disturbances in dark environment, while looking at a still or moving object and during sexual intercourse. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS:HPPD I and II differ in terms of visual disturbances and triggers, possibly representing different phenomena existing on the same spectrum. SCIENTIFIC SIGNIFICANCE: Our study indicating differences in triggers to HPPD I and II adds to existing literature on differences in visual disturbances between the two subtypes. Further research elucidating additional differences between the subtypes of HPPD is needed. (Am J Addict 2017;26:568-571).
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