Mark J Shen1, Arthur C Coffey2, Susan Straka1, David E Adams1, David B Wagner1, Richard J Kovacs1, Michael Clark1, Changyu Shen3, Lan S Chen4, Thomas H Everett1, Shien-Fong Lin5, Peng-Sheng Chen6. 1. Krannert Institute of Cardiology and the Division of Cardiology, Indiana University School of Medicine and Indiana University Health Physicians, Indianapolis, Indiana. 2. Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine and Indiana University Health Physicians, Indianapolis, Indiana; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine and Indiana University Health Physicians, Indianapolis, Indiana. 3. Richard A. and Susan F. Smith Center for Outcomes Research in Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. 4. Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine and Indiana University Health Physicians, Indianapolis, Indiana. 5. Krannert Institute of Cardiology and the Division of Cardiology, Indiana University School of Medicine and Indiana University Health Physicians, Indianapolis, Indiana; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Chiao-Tung University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan. 6. Krannert Institute of Cardiology and the Division of Cardiology, Indiana University School of Medicine and Indiana University Health Physicians, Indianapolis, Indiana. Electronic address: chenpp@iu.edu.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Intrinsic cardiac nerve activity (ICNA) and skin nerve activity (SKNA) are both associated with cardiac arrhythmias in dogs. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that ICNA and SKNA correlate with postoperative cardiac arrhythmias in humans. METHODS: Eleven patients (mean age 60 ± 13 years; 4 women) were enrolled in this study. Electrical signals were simultaneously recorded from electrocardiogram (ECG) patch electrodes on the chest wall and from 2 temporary pacing wires placed during open heart surgery on the left atrial epicardial fat pad. The signals were filtered to display SKNA and ICNA. Premature atrial contractions (PACs) and premature ventricular contractions were determined manually. The SKNA and ICNA of the first 300 minutes of each patient were calculated minute by minute to determine baseline average amplitudes of nerve activities and to determine their correlation with arrhythmia burden. RESULTS: We processed 1365 ± 973 minutes of recording per patient. Low-amplitude SKNA and ICNA were present at all time, while the burst discharges were observed much less frequently. Both SKNA and burst ICNA were significantly associated with the onset of PACs and premature ventricular contractions. Baseline average ICNA (aICNA), but not average SKNA, had a significant association with PAC burden. The correlation coefficient (r) between aICNA and PAC burden was 0.78 (P < .01). A patient with the greatest aICNA developed postoperative atrial fibrillation. CONCLUSION: ICNA and SKNA can be recorded from human patients in the postoperative period. The baseline magnitude of ICNA correlates with PAC burden and development of postoperative atrial fibrillation.
BACKGROUND: Intrinsic cardiac nerve activity (ICNA) and skin nerve activity (SKNA) are both associated with cardiac arrhythmias in dogs. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that ICNA and SKNA correlate with postoperative cardiac arrhythmias in humans. METHODS: Eleven patients (mean age 60 ± 13 years; 4 women) were enrolled in this study. Electrical signals were simultaneously recorded from electrocardiogram (ECG) patch electrodes on the chest wall and from 2 temporary pacing wires placed during open heart surgery on the left atrial epicardial fat pad. The signals were filtered to display SKNA and ICNA. Premature atrial contractions (PACs) and premature ventricular contractions were determined manually. The SKNA and ICNA of the first 300 minutes of each patient were calculated minute by minute to determine baseline average amplitudes of nerve activities and to determine their correlation with arrhythmia burden. RESULTS: We processed 1365 ± 973 minutes of recording per patient. Low-amplitude SKNA and ICNA were present at all time, while the burst discharges were observed much less frequently. Both SKNA and burst ICNA were significantly associated with the onset of PACs and premature ventricular contractions. Baseline average ICNA (aICNA), but not average SKNA, had a significant association with PAC burden. The correlation coefficient (r) between aICNA and PAC burden was 0.78 (P < .01). A patient with the greatest aICNA developed postoperative atrial fibrillation. CONCLUSION: ICNA and SKNA can be recorded from humanpatients in the postoperative period. The baseline magnitude of ICNA correlates with PAC burden and development of postoperative atrial fibrillation.
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