Kristin A Kwakwa1,2,3, Joseph P Vanderburgh1,2,4, Scott A Guelcher2,4,5,6, Julie A Sterling7,8,9,10,11. 1. Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, 37212, USA. 2. Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2215B Garland Ave, 1235 MRBIV, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA. 3. Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA. 4. Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA. 5. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA. 6. Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA. 7. Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, 37212, USA. julie.sterling@vanderbilt.edu. 8. Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2215B Garland Ave, 1235 MRBIV, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA. julie.sterling@vanderbilt.edu. 9. Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA. julie.sterling@vanderbilt.edu. 10. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA. julie.sterling@vanderbilt.edu. 11. Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA. julie.sterling@vanderbilt.edu.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Bone is a structurally unique microenvironment that presents many challenges for the development of 3D models for studying bone physiology and diseases, including cancer. As researchers continue to investigate the interactions within the bone microenvironment, the development of 3D models of bone has become critical. RECENT FINDINGS: 3D models have been developed that replicate some properties of bone, but have not fully reproduced the complex structural and cellular composition of the bone microenvironment. This review will discuss 3D models including polyurethane, silk, and collagen scaffolds that have been developed to study tumor-induced bone disease. In addition, we discuss 3D printing techniques used to better replicate the structure of bone. 3D models that better replicate the bone microenvironment will help researchers better understand the dynamic interactions between tumors and the bone microenvironment, ultimately leading to better models for testing therapeutics and predicting patient outcomes.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Bone is a structurally unique microenvironment that presents many challenges for the development of 3D models for studying bone physiology and diseases, including cancer. As researchers continue to investigate the interactions within the bone microenvironment, the development of 3D models of bone has become critical. RECENT FINDINGS: 3D models have been developed that replicate some properties of bone, but have not fully reproduced the complex structural and cellular composition of the bone microenvironment. This review will discuss 3D models including polyurethane, silk, and collagen scaffolds that have been developed to study tumor-induced bone disease. In addition, we discuss 3D printing techniques used to better replicate the structure of bone. 3D models that better replicate the bone microenvironment will help researchers better understand the dynamic interactions between tumors and the bone microenvironment, ultimately leading to better models for testing therapeutics and predicting patient outcomes.
Entities:
Keywords:
3D models; 3D printing; Bone; Bone tumors; Tumor microenvironment
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