Margherita Barbuti1, André F Carvalho2, Cristiano A Köhler2, Andrea Murru3, Norma Verdolini4, Giovanni Guiso3, Ludovic Samalin5, Michael Maes6, Brendon Stubbs7, Giulio Perugi8, Eduard Vieta9, Isabella Pacchiarotti3. 1. Bipolar Disorders Unit, Clinical Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy. 2. Translational Psychiatry Research Group and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil. 3. Bipolar Disorders Unit, Clinical Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. 4. Bipolar Disorders Unit, Clinical Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Division of Psychiatry, Clinical Psychology and Rehabilitation, Department of Medicine, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy. 5. CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Department of Psychiatry, EA 7280, University of Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France. 6. Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; IMPACT Strategic Research Center, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia; Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, Health Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil; Revitalis, Waalre, The Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria. 7. Physiotherapy Department, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AZ, United Kingdom; Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, Box SE5 8AF, London, United Kingdom. 8. University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy. 9. Bipolar Disorders Unit, Clinical Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Electronic address: EVIETA@clinic.cat.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Accumulating evidence points to the pathophysiological relevance between immune dysfunction and mood disorders. High rates of thyroid dysfunction have been found in patients with bipolar disorder (BD), compared to the general population. A systematic review of the relationship between BD and thyroid autoimmunity was performed. METHODS: Pubmed, EMBASE and PsycINFO databases were searched up till January 28th, 2017. This review has been conducted according to the PRISMA statements. Observational studies clearly reporting data among BD patients and the frequency of autoimmune thyroid pathologies were included. RESULTS: 11 original studies met inclusion criteria out of 340 titles first returned from the global search. There is evidence of increased prevalence of circulating thyroid autoantibodies in depressed and mixed BD patients, while there is no evidence showing a positive relationship between BD and specific autoimmune thyroid diseases. There is a controversy about the influence of lithium exposure on circulating thyroid autoantibodies, even if most of studies seem not to support this association. A study conducted on bipolar twins suggests that autoimmune thyroiditis is related to the genetic vulnerability to develop BD rather than to the disease process itself. Females are more likely to develop thyroid autoimmunity. LIMITATIONS: The samples, study design and outcomes were heterogeneous. CONCLUSION: Thyroid autoimmunity has been suggested to be an independent risk factor for bipolar disorder with no clear association with lithium exposure and it might serve as an endophenotype for BD.
BACKGROUND: Accumulating evidence points to the pathophysiological relevance between immune dysfunction and mood disorders. High rates of thyroid dysfunction have been found in patients with bipolar disorder (BD), compared to the general population. A systematic review of the relationship between BD and thyroid autoimmunity was performed. METHODS: Pubmed, EMBASE and PsycINFO databases were searched up till January 28th, 2017. This review has been conducted according to the PRISMA statements. Observational studies clearly reporting data among BD patients and the frequency of autoimmune thyroid pathologies were included. RESULTS: 11 original studies met inclusion criteria out of 340 titles first returned from the global search. There is evidence of increased prevalence of circulating thyroid autoantibodies in depressed and mixed BD patients, while there is no evidence showing a positive relationship between BD and specific autoimmune thyroid diseases. There is a controversy about the influence of lithium exposure on circulating thyroid autoantibodies, even if most of studies seem not to support this association. A study conducted on bipolar twins suggests that autoimmune thyroiditis is related to the genetic vulnerability to develop BD rather than to the disease process itself. Females are more likely to develop thyroid autoimmunity. LIMITATIONS: The samples, study design and outcomes were heterogeneous. CONCLUSION:Thyroid autoimmunity has been suggested to be an independent risk factor for bipolar disorder with no clear association with lithium exposure and it might serve as an endophenotype for BD.
Authors: Roger S McIntyre; Martin Alda; Ross J Baldessarini; Michael Bauer; Michael Berk; Christoph U Correll; Andrea Fagiolini; Kostas Fountoulakis; Mark A Frye; Heinz Grunze; Lars V Kessing; David J Miklowitz; Gordon Parker; Robert M Post; Alan C Swann; Trisha Suppes; Eduard Vieta; Allan Young; Mario Maj Journal: World Psychiatry Date: 2022-10 Impact factor: 79.683
Authors: Óscar Soto-Angona; Gerard Anmella; María José Valdés-Florido; Nieves De Uribe-Viloria; Andre F Carvalho; Brenda W J H Penninx; Michael Berk Journal: BMC Med Date: 2020-10-01 Impact factor: 8.775