Kristine Stadskleiv1, Reidun Jahnsen1,2, Guro L Andersen3,4, Stephen von Tetzchner5. 1. a Department of Clinical Neurosciences for Children, Oslo University Hospital , Oslo , Norway. 2. b Department of Research, Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital , Nesodden , Norway. 3. c Vestfold Hospital Trust, The Cerebral Palsy Register of Norway , Tønsberg , Norway. 4. d Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's and Women's Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) , Trondheim , Norway. 5. e Department of Psychology, University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To explore factors contributing to variability in cognitive functioning in children with cerebral palsy (CP). METHOD: A geographical cohort of 70 children with CP was assessed with tests of language comprehension, visual-spatial reasoning, attention, working memory, memory, and executive functioning. Mean age was 9;9 years (range 5;1-17;7), 54.3% were girls, and 50.0% had hemiplegic, 25.7% diplegic, 12.9% quadriplegic, and 11.4% dyskinetic CP. For the participants with severe motor impairments, assessments were adapted for gaze pointing. A cognitive quotient (CQ) was computed. RESULTS: Mean CQ was 78.5 (range 19-123). Gross motor functioning, epilepsy, and type of brain injury explained 35.5% of the variance in CQ (F = 10.643, p = .000). CONCLUSION: Twenty-four percent had an intellectual disability, most of them were children with quadriplegic CP. Verbal comprehension and perceptual reasoning scores did only differ for the 21% with an uneven profile, of whom two-thirds had challenges with perceptual reasoning.
PURPOSE: To explore factors contributing to variability in cognitive functioning in children with cerebral palsy (CP). METHOD: A geographical cohort of 70 children with CP was assessed with tests of language comprehension, visual-spatial reasoning, attention, working memory, memory, and executive functioning. Mean age was 9;9 years (range 5;1-17;7), 54.3% were girls, and 50.0% had hemiplegic, 25.7% diplegic, 12.9% quadriplegic, and 11.4% dyskinetic CP. For the participants with severe motor impairments, assessments were adapted for gaze pointing. A cognitive quotient (CQ) was computed. RESULTS: Mean CQ was 78.5 (range 19-123). Gross motor functioning, epilepsy, and type of brain injury explained 35.5% of the variance in CQ (F = 10.643, p = .000). CONCLUSION: Twenty-four percent had an intellectual disability, most of them were children with quadriplegic CP. Verbal comprehension and perceptual reasoning scores did only differ for the 21% with an uneven profile, of whom two-thirds had challenges with perceptual reasoning.
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