Yan Yang1, Ruolan Dong1, Danli Hu1, Zhihui Chen1, Menglu Fu1, Dao Wen Wang2, Xizhen Xu2, Ling Tu1. 1. Department of Geriatric Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. 2. The Institute of Hypertension and Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Sepsis is a common disease that continues to increase in prevalence worldwide, and diabetes mellitus may make the situation worse. This study was designed to determine the role of Liver Kinase B1 (LKB1)/adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway in diabetic mice complicated with systemic endotoxemia. METHODS: The effects of LKB1/AMPK signaling pathway activation on endotoxemia were investigated in streptozotocin induced diabetic mice (STZ-mice) and db/db diabetic mice. Primary peritoneal macrophages and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) monolayers were simultaneously stimulated by both high glucose and LPS and used as a model to investigate the potential molecular mechanisms in vitro. RESULTS: After treatment with LPS, high glucose or both LPS and high glucose, phosphor-AMPK expression was decreased, and moreover, AMPK activation by metformin treatment alleviated the decrease in phosphor-AMPK expression in HUVECs and macrophages as well as in lung tissue. Furthermore, both LPS and high glucose co-treatment decreased LKB1 and phosphor-AMPK expression via enhanced oxidative stress response, and importantly, LKB1 overexpression mediated by adenovirus inhibited the decrease in phosphor-AMPK expression in macrophages and HUVECs. AMPK activation by metformin administration improved the survival of STZ-induced diabetic mice and db/db diabetic mice, which was associated with reduced lung endothelial hyperpermeability and systemic inflammatory response. Furthermore, the permeability of HUVECs monolayers induced by both high glucose and LPS stimulation was also alleviated by AMPK activation, which was partly via suppression of VE-cadherin phosphorylation. CONCLUSION: These data demonstrated that LKB1/AMPK signaling pathway activation improved the survival of diabetic mice complicated with endotoxemia. Thus, LKB1/AMPK signaling pathway may serve as a potentially useful therapeutic target for severe infection in diabetic patients.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Sepsis is a common disease that continues to increase in prevalence worldwide, and diabetes mellitus may make the situation worse. This study was designed to determine the role of Liver Kinase B1 (LKB1)/adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway in diabeticmice complicated with systemic endotoxemia. METHODS: The effects of LKB1/AMPK signaling pathway activation on endotoxemia were investigated in streptozotocin induced diabeticmice (STZ-mice) and db/db diabeticmice. Primary peritoneal macrophages and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) monolayers were simultaneously stimulated by both high glucose and LPS and used as a model to investigate the potential molecular mechanisms in vitro. RESULTS: After treatment with LPS, high glucose or both LPS and high glucose, phosphor-AMPK expression was decreased, and moreover, AMPK activation by metformin treatment alleviated the decrease in phosphor-AMPK expression in HUVECs and macrophages as well as in lung tissue. Furthermore, both LPS and high glucose co-treatment decreased LKB1 and phosphor-AMPK expression via enhanced oxidative stress response, and importantly, LKB1 overexpression mediated by adenovirus inhibited the decrease in phosphor-AMPK expression in macrophages and HUVECs. AMPK activation by metformin administration improved the survival of STZ-induced diabeticmice and db/db diabeticmice, which was associated with reduced lung endothelial hyperpermeability and systemic inflammatory response. Furthermore, the permeability of HUVECs monolayers induced by both high glucose and LPS stimulation was also alleviated by AMPK activation, which was partly via suppression of VE-cadherin phosphorylation. CONCLUSION: These data demonstrated that LKB1/AMPK signaling pathway activation improved the survival of diabeticmice complicated with endotoxemia. Thus, LKB1/AMPK signaling pathway may serve as a potentially useful therapeutic target for severe infection in diabeticpatients.