Zora Kikinis1, Marc Muehlmann1,2, Ofer Pasternak1,3, Sharon Peled3, Praveen Kulkarni4, Craig Ferris4, Sylvain Bouix1,3, Yogesh Rathi1,3, Inga K Koerte1,2, Steve Pieper5, Alexander Yarmarkovich5, Caryn L Porter6, Bruce S Kristal6, Martha E Shenton1,3,7. 1. a Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry , Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA. 2. b Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry , Psychosomatic, and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilian-University , Munich , Germany. 3. c Department of Radiology , Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA. 4. d Center for Translational NeuroImaging, Department of Psychology , Northeastern University , Boston , MA , USA. 5. e Isomics, Inc ., Cambridge , MA , USA. 6. f Department of Neurosurgery , Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA. 7. g Department of Psychiatry , VA Boston Healthcare System, Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA.
Abstract
PRIMARY OBJECTIVE: There is a need to understand pathologic processes of the brain following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Previous studies report axonal injury and oedema in the first week after injury in a rodent model. This study aims to investigate the processes occurring 1 week after injury at the time of regeneration and degeneration using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in the impact acceleration rat mTBI model. RESEARCH DESIGN: Eighteen rats were subjected to impact acceleration injury, and three rats served as sham controls. Seven days post injury, DTI was acquired from fixed rat brains using a 7T scanner. Group comparison of Fractional Anisotropy (FA) values between traumatized and sham animals was performed using Tract-Based Spatial Statistics (TBSS), a method that we adapted for rats. MAIN OUTCOMES AND RESULTS: TBSS revealed white matter regions of the brain with increased FA values in the traumatized versus sham rats, localized mainly to the contrecoup region. Regions of increased FA included the pyramidal tract, the cerebral peduncle, the superior cerebellar peduncle and to a lesser extent the fibre tracts of the corpus callosum, the anterior commissure, the fimbria of the hippocampus, the fornix, the medial forebrain bundle and the optic chiasm. CONCLUSION: Seven days post injury, during the period of tissue reparation in the impact acceleration rat model of mTBI, microstructural changes to white matter can be detected using DTI.
PRIMARY OBJECTIVE: There is a need to understand pathologic processes of the brain following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Previous studies report axonal injury and oedema in the first week after injury in a rodent model. This study aims to investigate the processes occurring 1 week after injury at the time of regeneration and degeneration using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in the impact acceleration rat mTBI model. RESEARCH DESIGN: Eighteen rats were subjected to impact acceleration injury, and three rats served as sham controls. Seven days post injury, DTI was acquired from fixed rat brains using a 7T scanner. Group comparison of Fractional Anisotropy (FA) values between traumatized and sham animals was performed using Tract-Based Spatial Statistics (TBSS), a method that we adapted for rats. MAIN OUTCOMES AND RESULTS:TBSS revealed white matter regions of the brain with increased FA values in the traumatized versus sham rats, localized mainly to the contrecoup region. Regions of increased FA included the pyramidal tract, the cerebral peduncle, the superior cerebellar peduncle and to a lesser extent the fibre tracts of the corpus callosum, the anterior commissure, the fimbria of the hippocampus, the fornix, the medial forebrain bundle and the optic chiasm. CONCLUSION: Seven days post injury, during the period of tissue reparation in the impact acceleration rat model of mTBI, microstructural changes to white matter can be detected using DTI.
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