Maite Vallejo1, Eloisa Colín-Ramírez2, Susana Rivera Mancía3, Raúl Cartas Rosado4, Magdalena Madero5, Oscar Infante Vázquez6, Jesús Vargas-Barrón7. 1. Investigación Sociomédica, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, México. 2. Investigación Sociomédica, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, México; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Ciudad de México, México. Electronic address: ecolinra@conacyt.mx. 3. Investigación Sociomédica, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, México; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Ciudad de México, México. 4. Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Ciudad de México, México; Departamento de Instrumentación Electromecánica, Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, México. 5. Departamento de Nefrología, Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, México. 6. Departamento de Instrumentación Electromecánica, Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, México. 7. Unidad de Investigación Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, México.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: A high dietary sodium intake and a low potassium intake are associated with adverse cardiovascular health. Data on these nutrients consumption in Mexico is limited. The aim of this study was to assess sodium and potassium intake by 24 h urinary excretion in a clinically healthy Mexican population. We additionally explored their association with blood pressure. METHODS: 711 clinically healthy participants aged 20-50 years old recruited in the Tlalpan 2020 cohort from September 2014-December 2015, were included in this cross-sectional analysis. All participants provided a 24 h urine sample and underwent anthropometric, biochemical, and blood pressure evaluations. Univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were used to assess the association of urinary sodium, potassium, and Na/K ratio with blood pressure. RESULTS: Mean (95% confidence interval [CI]) urinary sodium and potassium in the overall population was 3150.1 (3054.2-3246.0) mg/d and 1909.5 (1859.3-1959.6) mg/d, respectively. Overall, only 121 (17%) met the WHO recommendation for sodium intake (<2000 mg/d) and 16 (2.3%) met the goal for potassium intake (≥3510 mg/d). Urinary sodium (β coefficient 1.3, 95% CI: 0.7, 1.8, p <0.001) and potassium (β coefficient 2.1, 95% CI: 1.0, 3.2, p <0.001) were found to be associated with systolic blood pressure in the univariate analysis but not in the multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Sodium intake was higher and potassium intake was lower than the WHO recommendations in this healthy Mexican population. Sodium and potassium intakes were not associated with blood pressure at the mean levels of intake observed in this population, after adjusting for key variables.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: A high dietary sodium intake and a low potassium intake are associated with adverse cardiovascular health. Data on these nutrients consumption in Mexico is limited. The aim of this study was to assess sodium and potassium intake by 24 h urinary excretion in a clinically healthy Mexican population. We additionally explored their association with blood pressure. METHODS: 711 clinically healthy participants aged 20-50 years old recruited in the Tlalpan 2020 cohort from September 2014-December 2015, were included in this cross-sectional analysis. All participants provided a 24 h urine sample and underwent anthropometric, biochemical, and blood pressure evaluations. Univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were used to assess the association of urinary sodium, potassium, and Na/K ratio with blood pressure. RESULTS: Mean (95% confidence interval [CI]) urinary sodium and potassium in the overall population was 3150.1 (3054.2-3246.0) mg/d and 1909.5 (1859.3-1959.6) mg/d, respectively. Overall, only 121 (17%) met the WHO recommendation for sodium intake (<2000 mg/d) and 16 (2.3%) met the goal for potassium intake (≥3510 mg/d). Urinary sodium (β coefficient 1.3, 95% CI: 0.7, 1.8, p <0.001) and potassium (β coefficient 2.1, 95% CI: 1.0, 3.2, p <0.001) were found to be associated with systolic blood pressure in the univariate analysis but not in the multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS:Sodium intake was higher and potassium intake was lower than the WHO recommendations in this healthy Mexican population. Sodium and potassium intakes were not associated with blood pressure at the mean levels of intake observed in this population, after adjusting for key variables.
Authors: Nancy López-Olmedo; Barry M Popkin; Michelle A Mendez; Lindsey Smith Taillie Journal: Public Health Nutr Date: 2019-06-13 Impact factor: 4.022
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